Table 2.

Estimated parameters for the honeybee Apis mellifera.

quantity	symbol	quantity	units
mass	m	102 × 10−6	kg
moment of inertia (y-axis)	J2	2.2 × 10−9	kg m2
wing drag factor	bw	4.4 × 10−4	Ns m−1
distance, CM to wings	rw	3.3 × 10−3	m
minimum gain (equation (3.9))		7.8 × 10−8	N ms