Figure 4.
(a,b) Mean time to extinction for populations that went extinct for scenarios of increase in the variability of the optimum phenotype Θ (βσ,Θ = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 × 10−2) with selection strength from (a,b) s = 11 and 13 × 10−2. I only report results for two selection strengths (with low selection a very small number of extinction was recorded) and a single probability of occurrence of point extreme events after climate change p(Ea) = 12.5 × 10−2 (time to extinction was only slightly affected by p(Ea)). Line type identifies rate of the directional change of the continuous climate variable. Solid line, βμ,Θ = 1 × 10−2; dashed line, βμ,Θ = 2 × 10−2. Vertical dashed segments represent standard deviations.