Figure 4.

Model 4^*. COWA, Controlled Oral Word Association Test; CLOX1, clock drawing to command; CVLT, California Verbal Learning Test; 1–5, Summed learning trials 1–5, SHORT, immediate recall, LNG, delayed recall; DRS: MEM, Mattis Dementia Rating Scale Memory subscale; DSS, WAIS-R Digit Symbol Substitution; EDU, Education; EXIT25, Executive Interview; IADL, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; TrailsB, Trail-making Test Part B; WCAT, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test categories achieved. ^*All observed indicators are adjusted for age, education, and gender (paths not shown).