Table 2.
Functional relevance of DNA methylation of human height‐associated genes.
| Gene symbol | Gene name | DNA methylation | Notes1 |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACAN | Aggrecan | ||
| ADAMTSL3 | ADAMTS like 3 | Dunn et al. (2004) | * |
| ADAMTS17 | ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 17 | Dunn et al. (2004) | * |
| AGPAT6 | 1‐acyglycerol‐3‐phosphate O‐acyltransferase 6 | ||
| ANAPC13 | Anaphase promoting complex subunit 13 | ||
| ANKS1 | Ankyrin repeat and sterile alpha motif domain containing 1 | ||
| ATAD5 | ATPase family AAA domain containing 5 | ||
| ATXN3 | Ataxin 3 | ||
| BCAS3 | Breast carcinoma amplified sequence 3 | ||
| BMP2 | Bone morphogenic protein 2 | Wen et al. (2006) | * |
| BMP6 | Bone morphogenic protein 6 | Taniguchi et al. (2008) | * |
| CABLES1 | cdk5 and Abl enzyme substrate 1 | Sakamoto et al. (2008) | *● |
| CDK6 | Cyclin‐dependent kinase 6 | ||
| CENTA2 | Centaurin alpha 2 | ||
| CHCHD7 | Coiled‐coil‐helix‐coiled‐coil‐helix domain containing 7 | ||
| COIL | Coilin | ||
| CPSF2 | Cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 2 | ● | |
| CRLF3 | Cytokine receptor like factor 3 | ||
| DCC | Deleted in colon carcinoma | Park et al. (2008) | * |
| DEF6 | Differentially expressed in FDCP6 homolog | ||
| DGKE | Diacylglycerol kinase epsilon 64 kDa | ||
| DLEU7 | Deleted in lymphocytic leukemia | Hammarsund et al. (2004) | * |
| DNM3 | Dynamin 3 | ||
| DNMT3A | DNA methyl transferase 3 alpha | Esteller (2008) | ‡ |
| DOT1L | DOT1‐like,histone H3 methyltransferase | Jones et al. (2008) | ‡ |
| DYM | Dymeclin | ||
| EFEMP1 | EGF containing fibulin like extracellular matrix protein 1 | Sadr‐Nabavi et al. (2009) | * |
| E4F1 | E4F transcription factor 1 | ||
| FBLN5 | Fibulin5 | ||
| FUBP3 | Far upstream element (FUSE)‐binding protein 3 | ||
| GATAD1 | GATA zinc finger domain containing 1 | ||
| GLT25D2 | Glycosyltransferase 25 domain containing 2 | ||
| GNA12 | Guanine nucleotide‐binding protein (G protein) alpha 12 | ● | |
| GPR126 | G protein coupled receptor 126 | ||
| GRB10 | Growth factor receptor bound protein 10 | Li et al. (2008) | * |
| HHIP | Hedgehog interacting protein | Tada et al. (2008) | * |
| HIST1H1D | Histone H1D | Albig et al. (1993) | ‡ |
| HMGA1 | High mobility group AT‐hook 1 | Sgarra et al. (2003) | ‡ |
| HMGA2 | High mobility group AT‐hook 2 | Reeves and Beckerbauer (2001) | ‡ |
| IHH | Indian hedgehog | ||
| LBH | Limb bud and heart development homolog | ||
| LCORL | Ligand‐dependent nuclear receptor corepressor‐like protein | ||
| LIN28B | Lin 28 homolog B | ||
| LYAR | Ly1 antibody reactive homolog | ||
| LYN | v‐yes‐1 Yamaguchi sarcoma viral related oncogene homolog | ||
| MOS | v‐mos Moloney murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog | Scholz et al. (2005) | * |
| MTMR11 | Myotubularin‐related protein | ||
| NACA2 | Nascent polypeptide‐associated complex alpha subunit 2 | ||
| NCAPG | Non‐SMC condensin I complex subunit G | ||
| NOG | Noggin | ||
| NKX2‐1/TTF1 | NK2 homeobox/thyroid transcription factor 1 | Kondo et al. (2009) | * |
| PAPPA | Pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A | ||
| PENK | Proenkephalin | Comb and Goodman (1990) | * |
| PEX1 | Peroxisome biogenesis factor 1 | ||
| PLAGL1 | Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 | Arima and Wake (2006) | * |
| PNPT1 | Polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase | ||
| PRKG2 | Protein kinase, cGMP‐dependent, type II | ||
| PTCH1 | Patched homolog 1 (hedgehog signaling) | Wolf et al. (2007) | * |
| PXMP3 | Peroxisomal membrane protein 3 35 kDa | ● | |
| RAB40C | Member RAS oncogene family | ||
| RBBP8 | Retinoblastoma‐binding protein 8 | Li et al. (2014) | * |
| RDHE2 | Epidermal dehydrogenase 2 | ||
| RNF135 | Ring finger protein 135 | ||
| RPS20 | Ribosomal protein S20 | ||
| SCMH1 | Sex comb on midleg homolog 1 | ● | |
| SCUBE3 | Signal peptide CUB‐domain EGF‐like 3 | ||
| SF3B4 | Splicing factor 3b subunit 4 49 kDa | ||
| SH3GL3 | SH3‐domain GRB2‐like 3 | ||
| SOCS2 | Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 | Sutherland et al. (2004) | * |
| SPAG1 | Sperm antigen 17 | ||
| SV2A | Synaptic vescicle glycoprotein 2A | ||
| TBX2 | T‐box 2 | ||
| TBX4 | T‐box 4 | ||
| TCP11 | t‐complex protein 11 | ||
| TGS1 | Trimethylguanosine synthase homolog | ||
| TMED3 | Transmembrane emp24 protein transport‐domain containing 3 | ||
| TRIM25 | Tripartite motif containing 25 | ||
| TRIP11 | Thyroid hormone receptor interactor 11 | ||
| UQCC/GDF5 | Ubiquinol cytochrome C reductase chaperone/growth differentiation factor 5 | ||
| WDR60 | WD repeat domain 60 | ||
| ZBTB38 | Zinc finger and BTB domain containing 38 | Filion et al. (2006) | ‡ |
| ZFHX4 | Zinc finger homeobox 4 | ||
| ZNF76 | Zinc finger protein 76 | ||
| ZNF462 | Zinc finger protein 462 | ||
| ZNF678 | Zinc finger protein 678 |
1
*Genes regulated by DNA methylation; ‡Genes regulating DNA methylation; ●Housekeeping genes.