Table 3.
mRNA expression.
| Gene | Control | Hypoglycemic | HG + INS |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autophogy‐lysosome pathway | |||
| BNIP3 | 1.00 ± 0.11 | 1.07 ± 0.17 | 1.09 ± 0.19 |
| Beclin‐1 | 1.00 ± 0.17 | 1.06 ± 0.25 | 0.72 ± 0.08 |
| Cathepsin L1 | 1.00 ± 0.15 | 1.25 ± 0.26 | 0.80 ± 0.09 |
| Vsp34 | 1.00 ± 0.25 | 1.90 ± 0.45 | 0.92 ± 0.22 |
| Nutrient sensing | |||
| CHOP | 1.00 ± 0.20 | 1.67 ± 0.55 | 1.18 ± 0.27 |
| GRP78 | 1.00 ± 0.15 | 1.36 ± 0.42 | 0.93 ± 0.16 |
| ATF4 | 1.00 ± 0.15 | 0.97 ± 0.20 | 0.73 ± 0.07 |
Values are mean ± SE for control (n =5), hypoglycemic (n =5), and hypoglycemic + insulin (HG + INS, n =4), and are normalized to expression in the control group.