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Reprogramming human somatic cells with four transcription factors. Both mouse and human somatic cells can be reprogrammed into embryonic stem cell–like iPSCs as a result of exogenous expression of four transcription factors: Oct-4, Sox-2, Klf-4, and c-Myc. An alternative combination of Oct-4, Sox-2, Nanog, and Lin-28 can also be used to achieve reprogramming of human somatic cells. The resulting iPSCs resemble ESCs at the phenotypic, functional, and molecular levels.
