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. 2014 Oct 24;9(10):e111276. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111276

Figure 7. Model.

Figure 7

Autocrine stimulation of VHL negative ccRCC tumor cells by Activin B reduces RhoA activity thereby reorganizing the actin cytoskeleton and inducing invasiveness of spindle-shaped cells. Serum, which promotes RhoA activity, counteracts Activin B mediated effects. Rac1 activation by an unknown mechanism plays an opposite role to RhoA and is required for the invasive phenotype.