Table 4.
Dietary Component |
Group |
All Meals on Day −1 |
Event Day |
All Meals on Day +1 |
||
Early Morning, Before Event |
During 164-km Ride |
After Event |
||||
Total fluid intake, mLb | DTT | 5005 ± 1999 | 761 ± 834 | 5630 ± 2585 | 2114 ± 802 | 3127 ± 1526c |
DAL | 6025 ± 2742 | 853 ± 573 | 6041 ± 2371 | 2949 ± 981 | 5137 ± 1860c | |
Total energy intake | ||||||
MJ | DTT | 9.7 ± 1.8d | 2.8 ± 1.4 | 6.7 ± 3.4 | 7.3 ± 2.0 | 10.0 ± 3.0 |
DAL | 13.2 ± 2.4d | 3.0 ± 1.1 | 6.7 ± 3.2 | 9.2 ± 3.2 | 12.8 ± 4.3 | |
Kcal | DTT | 2324 ± 438d | 660 ± 323 | 1608 ± 803 | 1729 ± 440 | 2390 ± 719 |
DAL | 3157 ± 568d | 676 ± 287 | 1598 ± 761 | 2199 ± 773 | 3059 ± 1035 | |
Carbohydrate, g | DTT | 343 ± 82 | 99 ± 61 | 346 ± 189 | 186 ± 63 | 279 ± 80 |
DAL | 380 ± 114 | 112 ± 42 | 315 ± 145 | 203 ± 82 | 349 ± 128 | |
Sodium, mg | DTT | 3465 ± 1228e | 687 ± 316 | 2841 ± 1520 | 2489 ± 1221 | 3057 ± 1185 |
DAL | 5218 ± 1248e | 762 ± 406 | 4579 ± 2841 | 2756 ± 1281 | 4299 ± 1591 | |
Potassium, mg | DTT | 1804 ± 673f | 978 ± 692 | 1836 ± 1118 | 1752 ± 907 | 2401 ± 973 |
DAL | 3320 ± 971f | 1312 ± 863 | 1391 ± 963 | 2273 ± 1445 | 3314 ± 1430 |
Abbreviations: DAL, drink ad libitum group; DTT, drink to thirst group.
Computed using commercial nutrition analysis software (see Methods section).
Total fluid consumed as water, beverages, and in solid foods.
Between-groups difference (t18 = 2.59, P = .019).
Between-groups difference (t18 = 3.71, P = .002).
Between-groups difference (t18 = 3.15, P = .005).
Between-groups difference (t18 = 4.12, P < .001).