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. 2014 Sep;5(9-10):348–352. doi: 10.18632/genesandcancer.32

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Copyright: © 2014 Muñoz et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Mice with constitutive disruption of the TGF-β signaling via heterozygous deletion of β2-Spectrin (Sptbn1^+/−) (n=14), Smad3 (Smad3^+/−) (n=9) orboth (Sptbn1^+/−; Smad3^+/−) (n=11) treated with alcohol and LPS have significantly decreased cancer-free survival compared to wild type mice (n=15). *p<0.05/ ***p<0.005.