Table 3.

Bivariate analysis of the risk factors for asthma exacerbations in the study patients

Variables		Cases(N=43) n(%)	Controls(N=43) n(%)	Odds ratio	CI	P Value
Age(Mean±SD)		32.9±14.3	39.0±18.48			0.044
Education						0.354
No formal education		1(2.3)	2(4.7)
Primary education		20(46.5)	15 (34.9)	3.286	0.025–424.749	0.632
O'level		17 (39.5)	17 (39.5)	0.894	0.007–116.252	0.964
A'level		0	3 (7.3)	0.000	0.000	0.999
Tertiary		5 (11.6)	6 (14.0)	4.986	0.026–958.217	0.549
URTI	yes	24 (55.8)	16 (37.2)	2.132	0.899–5.053	0.086
	No	19(44.2)	27(62.8)
Living with pets	Yes	17 (39.5)	15 (34.9)	0.819	0.341–1.967	0.656
	No	26(60.5)	28(65.1)
Smoking
Active Smoking	Yes	4 (9.3)	2 (4.7)	0.476	0.082–2.745	0.406
	No	39(90.7)	41(95.3)
Passive smoking	Yes	17 (39.5)	9(20.9)	0.405	0.156–1.053	0.064
	No	26(60.5)	34(79.1)
Strong emotions
Anger	Yes	16 (37.2)	11 (25.6)	0.580	0.231–1.460	0.247
	No	27(62.8)	32(74.4)
Excitement	Yes	11 (25.6)	4 (9.3)	0.298	0.087–1.027	0.055
	No	32(74.4)	39(90.7)
Anxiety	Yes	7 (16.3)	5 (11.6)	0.677	0.197–2.326	0.535
	No	36(83.7)	38(88.4)
In–house wood burning or charcoal stoves	Yes	32 (74.4)	33 (76.7)	0.882	0.329–2.360	0.802
	No	11(25.6)	10(23.3)
Variables		Cases(N=43)	Controls(N=43)	Odds ratio	CI	P Value
Rainy Weather	Yes	29 (67.4)	30 (69.8)	0.898	0.361–2.233	0.816
	No	14(32.6)	13(69.8)
Exercise	Yes	14 (32.6)	10 (23.3)	1.593	0.615–4.130	0.338
	No	29(67.4)	33(76.7)
NSAIDS	Yes	5 (10.5)	4 (9.3)	1.283	0.320–5.143	0.725
	No	38(88.4)	39(90.7)
Beta–blockers	Yes	0	2 (4.7)	0.000	0.000	0.999
	No	43(100)	41(95.3)
Used corticosteroids	Yes	11(25.6)	38 (88.4)	0.019	0.011–0.144	<0.001
	No	32(74.4)	5(11.6)	22.109	6.952–70.315	<0.001
Used inhaled corticosteroids	Yes	4(9.3)	22(51.2)
	No	39(90.7)	21(48.8)	10.214	3.107–33.579	<0.001
Used oral corticosteroids	Yes	9(20.9)	32(74.4)
	No	32(79.1)	11(25.6)	10.990	4.025–30.009	<0.001
Adherent to medication	Yes	17(39.5)	19(44.2)	0.826	0.350–1.948	0.662
	No	26(60.5)	24(55.8)