Table 2.
Association of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) with large artery elasticity (LAE), small artery elasticity (SAE) and pulse pressure by linear regression analyses in the MESA cohort
| FGF-23 | LAE (log) |
SAE (log) |
Pulse pressure (mmHg) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographically adjusteda | Fully adjustedb | Demographically adjusted | Fully adjusted | Demographically adjusted | Fully adjusted | |
| RDc, % change (95% CI) | RD, % change (95% CI) | RD, % change (95% CI) | RD, % change (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | |
| Continuous models | ||||||
| Per doubling | 0 (−2, 1) | 0 (−2, 1) | 1 (−2, 4) | 0 (−3, 2) | 1.35 (0.62, 2.08)* | 0.44 (−0.32, 1.19) |
| Multicategory models | ||||||
| Quintile 1 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Quintile 2 | 0 (−2, 3) | 0 (−3, 3) | 0 (−4, 5) | 0 (−5, 3) | −0.36 (−1.53, 0.81) | −0.47 (−1.62, 0.67) |
| Quintile 3 | 2 (−1, 5) | 2 (−1, 4) | 3 (−1, 7) | 1 (−3, 5) | −0.14 (−1.31, 1.02) | −0.33 (−1.48, 0.82) |
| Quintile 4 | 2 (−1, 5) | 1 (−1, 4) | 2 (−2, 6) | 0 (−4, 4) | 0.92 (−0.24, 2.09) | 0.18 (−0.99, 1.34) |
| Quintile 5 | 0 (−3, 3) | 0 (−3, 3) | 3 (−1, 7) | 1 (−4, 5) | 1.74 (0.56, 2.91)** | 0.44 (−0.78, 1.65) |
| Threshold models | ||||||
| FGF-23 ≤ 57 pg/mL | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| FGF-23 > 57 pg/mL | −3 (−6, 0) | −1 (−5, 2) | −2 (−7, 2) | −3 (−7, 1) | 2.60 (1.37, 3.83)* | 1.35 (0.10, 2.61)** |
aAdjusted for demographics (age, gender, race and clinic site).
bAdjusted for demographics, DM, smoking (ever), BMI, SBP (only for LAE and SAE), total cholesterol, HDL, eGFR, serum calcium, intact PTH, serum phosphorus, statin and antihypertensive medication use, and 25-OH vitamin D.
cRelative difference in LAE or SAE per increment in FGF-23 concentration from a linear regression with ln(LAE) or ln(SAE) as the dependent variable, respectively. For example, an RD of −3% represents a 3% decrease compared with the referent group.
*P < 0.001,
**P < 0.05