Table 3.

Net change in the rates of discretionary and non-discretionary surgery resulting from Massachusetts healthcare reform

	All			White			Non-white			Low income			Newly insured
	coefficient	p-value	%change	coefficient	p-value	%change	coefficient	p-value	%change	coefficient	p-value	%change	coefficient	p-value	%change
Discretionary	0.83	0.021	9.3%	0.95	0.003	10.6%	0.87	<0.001	19.9%	0.60	0.004	6.7%	0.86	0.017	10.6%
Non-discretionary	−0.21	0.009	−4.5%	−0.09	0.142	−2.2%	0.15	0.401	3.9%	−0.36	<0.001	−6.3%	−0.32	<0.001	−6.9%

Results of the multivariable difference-in-differences (DID) analysis showing change in rates of discretionary and non-discretionary surgery in Massachusetts compared to control states. Reform transition point is defined as July 2007. Coefficient refers to the DID estimator and % change refers to coefficient divided by pre-reform rate. Low income refers to patients residing in Massachusetts counties with low median income. Newly insured refers to patients residing in Massachusetts counties with high numbers of individuals gaining insurance from 2006–2008.