Table 4.
Models of PTSD | Main behavioural index | Male/female vulnerability | Strength of evidence |
---|---|---|---|
Cat predator stress | Startle/aversion | Females > males | ** |
Fear conditioning | Freezing | Males > females | ** |
One footshock exposure | Aversion/freezing | No differences | * |
Tailshock exposure | Conditioned eyeblink/startle | Females > males | *** |
Fear potentiated startle | Startle | Females > males | * |
Animal models of PTSD reviewed herein are presented and the main behavioural index assessed is noted. Male and/or female vulnerability to the model is mentioned.
Denotes scarce evidence in the literature.
Denotes medium strength of evidence in the literature.
Denotes high strength of evidence in the literature.