Table 1.
The human lipocalins. Reprinted from Breustedt et al, 2006
| Lipocalin (abbreviation) | Synonyms | Tissue of primary synthesis | Amino acid residues | Oligomeric status | Glycosylation status | Disulfide bridges | Physiological ligands |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| α1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP) | orosomucoid (ORM), seromucoid α1 fraction, α1-S | liver | 183 | M | + | 2 | unknown |
| Apolipoprotein D (ApoD) | gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP-24), apocrine secretion odour-binding protein (ASOB-2) | adrenals spleen placenta kidneys CNS | 169 | M/H | + | 2 | progesterone arachidonic acid |
| Complement factor 8 γ chain (C8γ) |
liver | 182 | H | − | 1 | unknown | |
| Glycodelin (GLY) | pregnancy protein 14 (PP14), human pregnancy-associated endometrial protein, α2-globulin (α2-PEG), chorionic α2-micro-microglobulin, progest-agen-associated endometrial protein (PAEP), endometrial protein (PAEP), α-uterine protein | endometrium fallopian tube ovary breast | 162 | D | + | 2 | unknown |
| α1-Microglobulin (α1m) | protein HC, α1-microglycoprotein | liver blood plasma kidneys | 183 | M/H | + | 1 | heme |
| Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) | human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL), 24p3, SIP24, uterocalin, α2-microglobulin-related protein, neu-related lipocalin (NRL) siderocalin, LCN2 | neutrophils | 178 | M/D/H | + | 1 | enterobactin |
| Odorant-binding protein | frog Bowman’s gland protein | olfactory epithelium | 155 | M | − | 1 | unknown |
| Lipocalin type prostaglandin D synthase (PGDS) | β-trace | CNS | 168 | M | + | 1 | prostaglandin D |
| Retinol-binding protein (RBP) | plasma retinol-binding protein, serum retinol-binding protein (sRBP) | liver | 183 | M/H | − | 3 | all-trans retinol |
| Tear lipocalin (Tlc) | protein migrating faster than albumin (PMFA), specific tear albumin (STP), von Ebner’s gland protein (VEGP), LVN1 | lacrimal glands | 158 | M/D | − | 1 | stearic acid palmitic acid cholesterol lauric acid triacylglycerols fatty alcohols |