Fig. 4.

Gordonoside F induces insulin and GLP-1 release via GPR119 in vivo. (A and B) Oral glucose tolerant test (OGTT). Age-matched WT (A) or GPR119 KO (B) male mice were fasted overnight. AR231453 (20 mg/kg), Gordonoside F (200 mg/kg), Hoodia extract (1,000 mg/kg), or vehicle (0.5% methyl-cellulose) was administered orally 30 min before a glucose bolus (2 g/kg orally). Blood glucose level was measured at indicated time points, and the areas under the curves (AUC) were plotted (Inset). (C and D) In another set of experiments, plasma was obtained 10 min after oral glucose administration to measure the levels of insulin (C) and active GLP-1 (D). Data are means ± SEM (n = 8). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 versus vehicle control.