Table 1.

Soil community functional complexity and nitrogen fertilization effects on three different estimates of ecosystem multifunctionality and the five underlying ecosystem processes

	Multifunctionality			Single functions
Factor	Average multifunctionality	Functioning ≥80% threshold	Functioning ≥20% threshold	NPP	NEP	Respiration	Standard litter decomposition	Returned litter decomposition
Complexity	0.37***	0.40*	0.15	42.50***	0.35	−0.29***	0.08***	0.01
	(0.18, 0.57)	(−0.02, 0.83)	(−0.13, 0.42)	(28.97, 55.36)	(−0.25, 0.97)	(−0.42, −0.15)	(0.05, 0.11)	(−0.02, 0.05)
Nitrogen (N)	−0.11	−0.37†	−0.25*	13.03*	−1.10***	0.13*	−0.02	−0.02
	(−0.27, 0.05)	(−0.75, 0.01)	(−0.45, −0.04)	(1.71, 24.41)	(−1.63, −0.55)	(0.00, 0.24)	(−0.05, 0.01)	(−0.05, 0.01)
Moisture	0.26**	0.57**	−0.25*	30.43***	−0.89**	0.37***	0.00	0.01
	(0.09, 0.41)	(0.18, 0.96)	(−0.45, −0.05)	(19.52, 42.07)	(−1.44, −0.35)	(0.26, 0.49)	(−0.02, 0.03)	(−0.02, 0.04)
Time	−0.03	-0.33†	0.25*	−6.76	1.24***	−0.20**	−0.02	−0.01
	(−0.18, 0.13)	(−0.70, 0.07)	(0.05, 0.45)	(−17.89 4.47)	(0.70, 1.78)	(−0.31, −0.08)	(−0.04, 0.01)	(−0.04, 0.02)
Complexity: N	0.14	0.50	−0.50*	21.63†	−0.72	0.24*	−0.00	0.00
	(−0.18, 0.43)	(−0.24, 1.27)	(−0.90, 0.10)	(−0.43, 43.58)	(−1.76, 0.38)	(0.00, 0.46)	(−0.5, 0.05)	(−0.06, 0.06)
Intercept	0.08†	1.90***	4.50***	87.58***	0.11	1.71***	0.75***	0.67***
	(−0.01, 0.18)	(1.68, 2.10)	(4.36, 4.64)	(81.04, 94.10)	(−0.20, 0.42)	(1.64, 1.77)	(0.73, 0.76)	(0.66, 0.69)

Values are coefficients with statistical significance from the linear models with the lower and upper bounds shown in parenetheses. Coefficients are centered to permit comparison of community and fertilization main effects that are also part of a significant community × nitrogen interaction. Moisture and time are included in the analysis only to ensure that they do not contribute to the community complexity and fertilization effects (Materials and Methods). ^†P < 0.1, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.