Table 3. Score of three groups on self‐management.

Dimension	Time	Group A (n = 40)	Group B (n = 37)	Group C (n = 41)	P
Total score of self‐management	Baseline	84.0 ± 9.3	85.0 ± 7.5	85.2 ± 5.2	0.72
	Follow‐up	99.3 ± 4.1	96.6 ± 5.3	92.4 ± 4.2	0.00*
Dietary	Baseline	18.5 ± 3.1	18.4 ± 3.2	19.1 ± 2.6	0.49
	Follow‐up	21.5 ± 2.9	20.9 ± 3.3	19.8 ± 2.2	0.03**
Exercise	Baseline	13.9 ± 2.3	14.3 ± 2.1	14.0 ± 1.8	0.72
	Follow‐up	17.1 ± 1.4	15.6 ± 1.9	15.6 ± 1.6	0.00***
Medicine adherence	Baseline	13.3 ± 1.0	13.6 ± 1.3	13.5 ± 1.1	0.56
	Follow‐up	14.0 ± 0.9	14.1 ± 0.8	14.1 ± 0.9	0.89
Self‐monitoring	Baseline	9.7 ± 2.9	10.2 ± 2.4	10.2 ± 2.6	0.61
	Follow‐up	14.8 ± 2.2	14.3 ± 2.1	10.7 ± 2.5	0.00****
Foot care	Baseline	15.5 ± 1.8	15.9 ± 2.1	15.2 ± 1.6	0.21
	Follow‐up	16.3 ± 2.3	16.5 ± 2.3	16.5 ± 2.4	0.86
Care on hyper‐ or hypo‐glycemics	Baseline	13.1 ± 2.1	12.7 ± 2.2	13.2 ± 1.6	0.46
	Follow‐up	15.5 ± 1.5	15.3 ± 1.7	15.6 ± 1.9	0.67

*groups A and B vs C, P < 0.05; group B vs group A, P < 0.05. **Levene statistic shows F = 3.80, P < 0.05. Brown‐Forsythe correction value, P < 0.05; Welch correction value correction value, P < 0.05. Dunnett's T3 shows group A vs group C, P < 0.05. ***group A vs groups B and C, P < 0.01. ****groups A and B vs group C, P < 0.01.