Table 2.
Pfmdr1 and pfcrt genotypes and MS markers flanking pfcrt in Plasmodium falciparum samples collected from Tafea Province, Vanuatu and Temotu and Malaita Provinces, Solomon Islands compared to reference samples
| Origin (no. isolates) | n | H | % | MSamarker size (bp) | AA positions in Pfcrt b | MScmarker size (bp) | AA positions in Pfmdr1 d | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B5M77 | 2E10 | PE12A | 2H4 | PE14F | ||||||
| Vanuatu Tafea (n = 17) | 5 | 1 | 29.4 | 147 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLR | 328 | 184 | 142 | YYCND |
| 1 | 1 | 5.9 | 147 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLI | 314 | 184 | 142 | YYCND | |
| 1 | 5.9 | * | * | SMNTHALS***R | * | * | * | YYCND | ||
| 2 | 2 | 11.7 | 157 | 156 | SMNTHALSE*TI | * | 201 | 148 | YF*ND | |
| 5 | 29.4 | * | * | SMNTHALS**TI | * | * | * | YYCND | ||
| 1 | 5.9 | * | * | SMNTHALS**TR | * | * | * | YYCND | ||
| 1 | 5.9 | * | * | SMNTHALS*STR | * | * | * | YYCND | ||
| 1 | 5.9 | * | * | CIETHALSE*TR | * | * | * | YYCND | ||
| Solomon Islands Temotu (n = 50) | 23 | 3 | 64.7 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLR | 328 | 192 | 139 | YYCND |
| 4 | 4 | 8.9 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLR | 328 | 184 | 134 | YYCND | |
| 1 | 4 | 2.9 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLR | 328 | 184 | 136 | YYCND | |
| 1 | 4 | 2.9 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLR | 328 | 184 | 142 | YYCND | |
| 1 | 2.9 | * | * | SMNTHALSQDLR | * | * | * | YYCND | ||
| 1 | 4 | 33.3 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDTR | 328 | 184 | 134 | YYCND | |
| 1 | 2.9 | * | * | SMNTHALSQDTR | * | * | * | **CND | ||
| 7 | 5.9 | * | * | SMNTHALSQSTI | * | * | * | **CND | ||
| 2 | 5.9 | * | * | SMNTHALSQ*TI | * | * | * | **CND | ||
| 1 | 5 | 2.9 | 140 | 166 | CMNKHALSQNIR | 314 | 184 | 148 | **CND | |
| 2 | 3 | 28.5 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLR | 328 | 192 | 139 | YYCND | |
| 1 | 3 | 14.2 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLI | 328 | 192 | 139 | YYCND | |
| 1 | 14.2 | * | * | SMNTHALSQDLR | * | * | * | YYCND | ||
| 1 | 16.7 | * | * | SMNTHALSQSLR | * | * | * | **CND | ||
| 1 | 14.2 | * | * | SMNTHAL**STR | * | * | * | YYCND | ||
| 1 | 14.2 | * | * | SMNTHAL**STI | * | * | * | YYCND | ||
| 1 | 14.2 | * | * | SMNTH**A**TR | * | * | * | **CND | ||
| Solomon Islands Malaita (n = 31) | 9 | 3 | 29 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLR | 328 | 192 | 139 | YYCND |
| 11 | 3 | 35.5 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLI | 260 | 192 | 139 | YYCND | |
| 4 | 4 | 12.9 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALS***R | 328 | 184 | 145 | YYCND | |
| 1 | 6 | 3.2 | 149 | 154 | SMNTHALSE*TI | 328 | 192 | 142 | YYCND | |
| 3 | 1 | 9.7 | 147 | 174 | SMNTHALS**TI | 328 | 184 | 142 | YYCND | |
| 3 | 9.7 | * | * | SMNTHALS**TR | * | * | * | YYCND | ||
| World reference Samples | Brazil 7G8 | 151 | 190 | SMNTHALSQDLR | 314 | 194 | 142 | |||
| Philippines PH1 | 149 | 182 | CMNTHTYAQDLR | 314 | 228 | 136 | ||||
| Thailand Dd2 | 149 | 170 | CIETHALSESTI | 314 | 204 | 145 | ||||
| Thailand C2B | 149 | 170 | CIETHALSESTI | 314 | 184 | 148 | ||||
| Solomon Island N18 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLR | 328 | 184 | 142 | ||||
| PNG AN001 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLR | 328 | 184 | 142 | ||||
| PNG AN018 | 149 | 174 | SMNTHALSQDLR | 328 | 192 | 139 | ||||
Note: Boldface amino acids represent the mutated state of that codon.
aMS microsatellite upstream of pfcrt:B5M77 (-20 kb) and 2E10 (-5 kb).
bAmino acid (AA) positions in pfcrt are 72, 74, 75, 76, 97, 144, 160, 220, 271, 326, 356, 371.
cMS microsatellite downstream of pfcrt: PE12A (+6 kb), 2H4 (+22 kb) and PE14F (+106 kb).
dAmino acid positions in pfmdr1 are 86, 184, 1034, 1042, 1246.
*not determined.
** or *** indicates 2 or 3 AA positions were not determined