Table 6.

Association of nutrients with blood gene methylation.

Nutrients	CD14			Et-1			HERV-w			iNOS			TNFα
	β *	SE	p-value	β *	SE	p-value	β *	SE	p-value	β *	SE	p-value	β *	SE	p-value
Fiber, g/day	−0.034	0.140	0.808	−0.028	0.058	0.628	0.054	0.039	0.164	0.160	0.408	0.695	−0.182	0.139	0.190
Protein, g/day	−0.012	0.142	0.935	0.001	0.059	0.984	0.029	0.039	0.459	−0.328	0.413	0.429	−0.234	0.140	0.097
Carbohydrate, g/day	−0.058	0.145	0.691	−0.016	0.060	0.786	−0.008	0.040	0.848	−0.134	0.424	0.752	−0.080	0.145	0.583
Lipids, g/day	−0.186	0.141	0.190	0.001	0.059	0.982	0.007	0.040	0.865	0.095	0.416	0.819	−0.157	0.141	0.269
Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), g/day	−0.228	0.170	0.182	−0.033	0.063	0.599	0.009	0.046	0.837	−0.206	0.438	0.638	−0.208	0.166	0.213
Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), g/day	−0.233	0.170	0.174	−0.044	0.065	0.495	0.009	0.046	0.850	−0.172	0.440	0.697	−0.199	0.168	0.239
PUFA n-3, g/day	−0.186	0.143	0.196	0.001	0.059	0.987	0.009	0.040	0.825	0.147	0.420	0.726	−0.117	0.143	0.414
Saturated fatty acid, g/day	0.098	0.141	0.489	0.080	0.059	0.176	0.011	0.039	0.772	−0.693	0.409	0.092	−0.183	0.140	0.192
Cholesterol , mg/day	−0.054	0.142	0.703	−0.022	0.059	0.713	0.021	0.039	0.590	−0.221	0.414	0.595	−0.278	0.139	0.048
Ascorbic acid, mg/day	0.230	0.138	0.098	−0.022	0.058	0.700	0.072	0.039	0.064	0.155	0.408	0.704	−0.146	0.139	0.295
Folic acid, μg/day	0.159	0.135	0.242	0.038	0.056	0.501	0.067	0.038	0.079	−0.203	0.398	0.610	−0.339	0.133	0.012
Alpha carotene, μg/day	0.050	0.170	0.770	−0.013	0.062	0.840	0.040	0.045	0.380	0.401	0.435	0.359	−0.190	0.165	0.253
Beta carotene, μg/day	0.170	0.169	0.316	0.027	0.063	0.673	0.088	0.044	0.051	0.210	0.436	0.631	−0.332	0.164	0.045
Carotenoids, μg/day	0.124	0.137	0.368	0.044	0.056	0.436	0.083	0.037	0.029	0.102	0.402	0.801	−0.331	0.135	0.015
Polyphenols and flavonoids, mg/day	0.156	0.173	0.370	−0.016	0.064	0.808	0.059	0.046	0.197	0.088	0.446	0.843	−0.152	0.169	0.371
Retinol, μg/day	0.103	0.137	0.453	0.026	0.056	0.645	0.071	0.038	0.063	0.026	0.403	0.949	−0.360	0.134	0.008
Tocopherols, mg/day	−0.081	0.138	0.556	−0.001	0.057	0.987	0.044	0.038	0.253	−0.002	0.403	0.996	−0.205	0.137	0.136
Vitamin B12, μg/day	0.044	0.143	0.758	−0.018	0.059	0.763	0.028	0.040	0.487	−0.021	0.417	0.960	−0.153	0.142	0.281
Vitamin D, μg/day	0.228	0.138	0.101	0.078	0.057	0.171	0.008	0.039	0.828	−0.844	0.401	0.037	−0.180	0.137	0.193

Multivariable mixed-effect models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking and % of neutrophils. * β regression coefficients were scaled to represent the increase in the dependent variable estimated for an increment equal to 1 SD in the independent variable.