Table 2.
Health-status domain scores and scales for depressive symptoms, cognitive functioning, and activities of daily living
| Parameter | Scale range | Investigated groups
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group I (institutional long-term care) (n=100) |
Group II (institutional day care and in-home care) (n=100) |
Group III (in-home care) (n=100) |
ANOVA Kruskal–Wallis test |
||
| PF | 0–100 | 34.5; 25 (2.5–57.5; 27.8–41.1)†‡ | 56.1; 60 (32.5–85; 49.9–62.3)§ | 14.1; 0.0 (0.0–25; 9.7–18.5) | <0.0001 |
| RP | 0–100 | 30.8; 0.0 (0.0–75; 22.8–38.8)‡ | 30.9; 0 (0–75; 22.6–39.2)§ | 14.1; 0 (0–0; 7.8–20.4) | =0.0011 |
| BP | 0–100 | 59.7; 62.5 (32.5–100; 52.9–66.4)‡ | 53.3; 45 (22.5–100; 46.4–60.2)§ | 35.2; 32.5 (20–45; 30.9–39.5) | <0.0001 |
| GH | 0–100 | 40.5; 37.5 (25–55; 36.6–44.3)‡ | 40.7; 45 (22.5–55; 36–45.5)§ | 33.1; 35 (25–45; 30.2–36) | =0.0047 |
| VT | 0–100 | 51.9; 50 (35–65; 47.9–55.8)‡ | 52.3; 53.8 (35–72.5; 47.3–57.3)§ | 38.6; 40 (25–52.5; 35–42.2) | <0.0001 |
| SF | 0–100 | 62.3; 62.5 (37.5–87.5; 56.6–67.9)‡ | 59.7; 50 (37.5–90.3; 53.7–65.7)§ | 38.1; 37.5 (12.5–50; 32.3–44) | <0.0001 |
| RE | 0–100 | 60; 66.6 (0–100; 50.7–67.3)†‡ | 37.2; 0 (0–100; 27.8–46.5)§ | 18.3; 0 (0–0; 11.2–25.5) | <0.0001 |
| MH | 0–100 | 58.3; 56 (44–71; 54.6–62.1)‡ | 53.7; 49 (38–73; 49.3–58.1)§ | 45.0; 44 (32–56; 41.9–48.1) | <0.0001 |
| PCS | 0–100 | 32.7; 30.1 (24.4–44.3; 27.3–38.1)‡ | 37.7; 37.7 (30.4–46; 32.8–42.6)§ | 26.9; 25.4 (21–30.6; 23.1–30.7) | <0.0001 |
| MCS | 0–100 | 46.8; 47.9 (39.3–54.5; 41.9–51.7)†‡ | 40.5; 39.7 (31.4–49.9; 36.2–44.8) | 37.2; 36.6 (31.2–41.9; 32.3–42.1) | <0.0001 |
| ADL | 0–6 | 3.91; 5 (2–5.5; 3.5–4.3)†‡ | 5.47; 6 (5–6; 5.3–5.6)§ | 3.04; 3 (1–5; 2.6–3.5) | <0.0001 |
| IADL | 9–27 | 17.7; 17 (12–23,16.5–18.8)†‡ | 23.8; 25 (23–27; 23–24.7)§ | 14.5; 14 (10–18; 13.6–15.5) | <0.0001 |
| GDS | 0–30 | 10.9; 10 (6–16; 9.6–12.2)‡ | 11.7; 10 (6–18; 10.4–13.1)§ | 17.4; 19 (11–23; 15.9–18.9) | <0.0001 |
| MMSE | 0–30 | 18.5; 19 (14–25; 17.1–19.9)† | 22.4; 22.5 (20–26.5; 21.4–23.4)§ | 18.2; 18 (13–25; 16.5–19.8) | <0.0001 |
Notes: Data expressed as mean; median (interquartile range 25th–75th percentile; 95% confidence interval).
†
P<0.001 versus group II
‡
P<0.001 versus group III
§
P<0.001 versus group III.
Abbreviations: ADL, activities of daily living; ANOVA, analysis of variance; BP, bodily pain; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; GH, general health; IADL, instrumental ADL; MCS, mental component summary; MH, mental health; MMSE, Mini–mental state examination; PCS, physical component summary; PF, physical functioning; RE, role emotional; RP, role physical; SF, social functioning; VT, vitality.