Table 1.
Characteristics of 2,822 participants in Tromsø 5 (baseline) and Tromsø 6 (6.3 years later)
| Tromsø 5
|
Tromsø 6
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | (%) | n | (%) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 1,625 | (57.6) | ||
| Male | 1,197 | (42.4) | ||
| Age (years) | ||||
| <70 | 2,162 | (76.6) | 1,346 | (47.7) |
| ≥70 | 660 | (23.4) | 1,476 | (53.3) |
| Self-reported diseases | ||||
| CVD | 348 | (12.3) | 541 | (19.2) |
| Asthma | 218 | (7.7) | 288 | (10.2) |
| COPD | 115 | (4.1) | 178 | (6.3) |
| Diabetes | 87 | (3.1) | 198 | (7.0) |
| Hypertension | 571 | (20.2) | 1,018 | (36.1) |
| Smoking history | ||||
| Never smoked | 1,010 | (35.8) | 1,008 | (35.7) |
| Former smoker | 1,143 | (40.5) | 1,386 | (49.1) |
| ≥10 pack-years | 630 | (22.3) | 816 | (28.9) |
| Current smoker | 669 | (23.7) | 428 | (15.2) |
| ≥10 pack-years | 558 | (19.8) | 387 | (13.7) |
| Dyspneaa | ||||
| 0 | 1,557 | (55.2) | 1,335 | (47.3) |
| 1 | 1,120 | (39.7) | 1,266 | (44.9) |
| ≥2 | 145 | (5.1) | 221 | (7.8) |
| Chronic cough with sputum | ||||
| No | 2,646 | (93.8) | 2,637 | (93.4) |
| Yes | 176 | (6.2) | 185 | (6.6) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
| <20 | 57 | (2.0) | 75 | (2.7) |
| 20–30 | 2,171 | (76.9) | 2,163 | (76.7) |
| ≥30 | 585 | (20.8) | 583 | (20.7) |
| FEV1 % predicted | ||||
| ≥80 | 2,018 | (71.5) | 2,089 | (74.0) |
| 50–80 | 708 | (25.1) | 614 | (21.8) |
| <50 | 48 | (1.7) | 65 | (2.3) |
| FEV1/FVC ratio | ||||
| <70 | 631 | (23.1) | 805 | (29.5) |
| ≥70 | 2,097 | (76.9) | 1,923 | (70.5) |
| Spirometry pattern | ||||
| Normal | 1,923 | (70.5) | 1,775 | (65.1) |
| Obstructive | 631 | (23.1) | 805 | (29.5) |
| Restrictive | 174 | (6.4) | 148 | (5.4) |
| CRP (mg/L) | ||||
| <5 | 2,426 | (86.0) | 2,438 | (86.4) |
| ≥5 | 357 | (12.7) | 340 | (12.0) |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL)b | ||||
| ≤Upper limits | 2,546 | (90.2) | 2,741 | (97.1) |
| >Upper limits | 8 | (0.3) | 37 | (1.3) |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | ||||
| <4 | 2,304 | (81.6) | 1,943 | (68.9) |
| ≥4 | 312 | (11.1) | 834 | (29.6) |
| Uric acid (μmol/L)c | ||||
| ≤Upper limits | 2,547 | (90.3) | 2,601 | (92.2) |
| >Upper limits | 110 | (3.9) | 177 | (6.3) |
| Albumin:creatinine ratio (mg/mmol) | ||||
| <3 | 2,606 | (92.3) | 2,475 | (87.7) |
| ≥3 | 127 | (4.5) | 231 | (8.2) |
| SpO2 | ||||
| ≥96 | 2,581 | (91.5) | 2,609 | (92.5) |
| 93–95 | 225 | (8.0) | 188 | (6.7) |
| ≤92 | 16 | (0.6) | 25 | (0.9) |
Notes: “Pack-years” were obtained by multiplying the average number of cigarettes smoked daily by the number of years smoked and dividing the product by 20.
dyspnea: 0= no dyspnea, 1= dyspnea walking rapidly on level ground or up a moderate slope, and ≥2= dyspnea walking calmly on level ground, washing or dressing, or at rest
upper limits: men 17 g/dL, women 16 g/dL
upper limits: men 480 μmol/L, women 18–49 years 350 μmol/L, women ≥50 years 400 μmol/L.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; CVD, cardiovascular disease; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; SpO2, arterial oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry.