Table 1.
Non-synonymous ASIP variants observed in domestic cats, wild felids and hybrid cats.
| Felid | Phenotype1 | No.2 | Genotype3 | Exon 2 | Exon 4 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| c.41G>C | c.110-111 GG>AA | c.123-124 2-bp del4 | C.127A>G | c.142T>C | c.251A>G | C.302 A>G | ||||
| p.Cys14Ser | p.Arg37Lys | p.Asn43Asp | p.Ser48Pro | p.Gln84Arg | p.Asp101Gly | |||||
| Domestic | Wild type | 2 | A/a | G/G | GG/GG | CA/– | A/A | T/T | A/A | A/A |
| Domestic | Solid | 1 | a/a | G/G | GG/GG | –/– | A/A | T/T | A/A | A/A |
| British SH | Wild type | 1 | A/a | G/G | GG/GG | CA/– | A/A | T/T | ||
| Siamese | Solid | 1 | a/a | G/G | GG/GG | –/– | A/A | T/T | ||
| Australian Mist | Wild type | 1 | A/A | G/G | GG/GG | CA/CA | A/A | T/T | ||
| Leopard cat | Wild type | 11 | APbe/APbe | C/C | GG/GG | CA/CA | A/A | C/C | G/G | G/G |
| Serval | Wild type | 5 | ALse/ALse | C/C | GG/GG | CA/CA | A/A | C/C | ||
| Jungle Cat | Wild type | 2 | AFch/AFch | C/C | AG/AG | CA/CA | A/A | T/T | ||
| Bengal | Solid | 2 | a/a | G/G | GG/GG | –/– | A/A | T/T | ||
| Bengal | Charcoal | 56 | a/APbe | G/C | GG/GG | CA/– | A/A | T/C | A/G | A/G |
| Bengal | Non-charcoal | 5 (3) | APbe/APbe | C/C | GG/GG | CA/CA | A/A | C/C | G/G | G/G |
| Bengal | Non-charcoal | 7 (1) | A/APbe | G/C | GG/GG | CA/CA | A/A | T/C | A/G | A/G |
| Bengal | Non-charcoal | 24 (4) | A/a | G/G | GG/GG | CA/– | A/A | T/T | A/A | A/A |
| Bengal | Unknown | 1 | A/a | G/G | GG/GG | CA/– | A/A | T/T | A/A | A/A |
| Bengal | Non-charcoal | 26 | A/A | G/G | GG/GG | CA/CA | A/A | T/T | A/A | A/A |
| Bengal | Unknown | 3 | A/A | G/G | GG/GG | CA/CA | A/A | T/T | A/A | A/A |
| Bengal | Unknown | 2 | A/A2 | G/C | GG/AA | CA/CA | A/G | T/T | ||
| Bengal | Non-charcoal | 175 | A/A2 | G/C | GG/AA | CA/CA | A/G | T/T | ||
| Bengal | Non-charcoal | 5 | a/A2 | G/C | GG/AA | CA/– | A/G | T/T | ||
| Savannah | Wild type | 1 | A/A2 | G/C | GG/AA | CA/CA | A/G | T/T | ||
| Savannah | Wild type | 2 | A/A | G/G | GG/GG | CA/CA | A/A | T/T | ||
| Savannah | Wild type | 2 | a/ALse | G/C | GG/GG | CA/– | A/A | T/C | ||
| Savannah | Wild type | 1 | ALse/ALse | C/C | GG/GG | CA/CA | A/A | C/C | ||
| TOTAL | 178 | |||||||||
Wild type implies a tabby pattern that is most common to the given felid species. Domestics could be mackerel, blotched or spotted. Leopard cats and servals are spotted; jungle cats have no pattern.
The number of cats reported as charcoal but having different genotypes is presented in parentheses; eight cats were discordant, including three as APbe/APbe, one as A/APbe and four as A/a. Other Leopard cat alleles could be segregating in these cats and further modifying their coat colours and patterns, which may alter tones in colouration and extent of tabby markings, especially genes such as MC1R.
These SNPs form a consistent haplotype and are considered the wild-type (wt+) agouti alleles for leopard cat (APbe), serval (ALse) and jungle cat (AFch). The ‘A2’ allele represents the unique haplotype identified in Bengals and Savannahs that does not appear to be domestic or from the three wild felids examined. The two adenine mutations, c.110 and c.111, cause an amino acid change from arginine to lysine in the A2 allele.
Deletion causes frameshift and downstream stop codon in domestic cats causing the common non-agouti allele (a) in domestic cats (Eizirik et al. 2003).
Cats were genotyped by pyrosequencing in exon 2 for c.41G>C, the indel, c.127A>G and c.142T>C only (Table S1).