Table 1.
Characteristics of black and white men and women hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
| Black women | Black men | White women | White men | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospitalizations, number (rate per 10,000 Medicare enrollees) a | ||||
| 1992-1993 | 16237 (61.6) | 11958 (73.2) | 219273 (72.0) | 228751 (113.2) |
| 1994-1995 | 17774 (63.4) | 12889 (75.6) | 227347 (72.4) | 237520 (112.9) |
| 1996-1997 | 18541 (64.9) | 13351 (77.3) | 228918 (72.5) | 235828 (110.3) |
| 1998-1999 | 19562 (67.3) | 13167 (75.0) | 226734 (71.5) | 226984 (104.5) |
| 2000-2001 | 21100 (70.5) | 14091 (77.5) | 231992 (72.6) | 226802 (102.4) |
| 2002-2003 | 21918 (71.7) | 14595 (77.8) | 228463 (71.5) | 223957 (99.3) |
| 2004-2005b | 18276 (59.3) | 12743 (65.7) | 190021 (59.9) | 187818 (81.5) |
| 2007-2008 | 17043 (49.3) | 11961 (54.3) | 169446 (49.9) | 170004 (67.2) |
| 2009-2010 | 16209 (43.1) | 11446 (46.7) | 148622 (41.0) | 153926 (55.6) |
| Age, mean (standard deviation) | ||||
| 1992-1993 | 77.1 (7.6) | 75.1 (6.8) | 78.4 (7.4) | 75.5 (6.7) |
| 1994-1995 | 77.3 (7.7) | 75.3 (6.9) | 78.7 (7.5) | 75.8 (6.8) |
| 1996-1997 | 77.8 (7.8) | 75.7 (7.1) | 79.4 (7.6) | 76.4 (7.0) |
| 1998-1999 | 78.6 (8.0) | 76.1 (7.2) | 80.1 (7.7) | 77.1 (7.1) |
| 2000-2001 | 79.0 (8.2) | 76.5 (7.4) | 80.6 (7.8) | 77.5 (7.3) |
| 2002-2003 | 79.2 (8.3) | 76.4 (7.5) | 80.9 (7.9) | 77.7 (7.4) |
| 2004-2005 | 79.7 (8.3) | 76.6 (7.5) | 81.2 (8.0) | 78.1 (7.5) |
| 2007-2008 | 79.8 (8.7) | 76.5 (7.7) | 81.5 (8.3) | 78.1 (7.9) |
| 2009-2010 | 79.7 (8.7) | 76.3 (7.8) | 81.6 (8.4) | 78.1 (8.1) |
| Comorbidity, number (%) c | ||||
| Diabetes | ||||
| 1992-1993 | 5671 (34.9) | 2855 (23.9) | 50955 (23.2) | 44725 (19.6) |
| 1994-1995 | 6975 (39.2) | 3648 (28.3) | 58780 (25.9) | 53720 (22.6) |
| 1996-1997 | 7700 (41.5) | 4004 (30.0) | 60433 (26.4) | 56631 (24.0) |
| 1998-1999 | 7993 (40.9) | 4146 (31.5) | 60627 (26.7) | 57138 (25.2) |
| 2000-2001 | 8639 (40.9) | 4608 (33.7) | 61893 (26.7) | 59138 (26.1) |
| 2002-2003 | 8646 (39.5) | 4815 (33.0) | 59646 (26.1) | 58803 (26.3) |
| 2004-2005 | 7021 (38.4) | 4171 (32.7) | 48017 (25.3) | 48774 (26.0) |
| 2007-2008 | 6262 (36.7) | 3791 (31.7) | 40832 (24.1) | 43512 (25.6) |
| 2009-2010 | 5867 (36.2) | 3589 (31.4) | 35738 (24.1) | 39389 (25.6) |
| Congestive heart failure, number (%) c | ||||
| 1992-1993 | 7662 (47.2) | 4895 (40.9) | 98207 (44.8) | 86088 (37.6) |
| 1994-1995 | 8433 (47.4) | 5403 (41.9) | 103382 (45.5) | 89728 (37.8) |
| 1996-1997 | 9149 (49.3) | 5928 (44.4) | 105829 (46.2) | 91840 (38.9) |
| 1998-1999 | 9883 (50.5) | 5897 (44.8) | 106226 (46.8) | 89515 (39.4) |
| 2000-2001 | 10501 (49.8) | 6335 (45.0) | 107129 (46.2) | 88753 (39.1) |
| 2002-2003 | 10892 (49.7) | 6565 (45.0) | 107208 (46.9) | 89274 (39.9) |
| 2004-2005 | 9375 (51.3) | 5775 (45.3) | 91500 (48.2) | 77046 (41.0) |
| 2007-2008 | 7989 (46.9) | 5189 (43.4) | 75421 (44.5) | 63959 (37.6) |
| 2009-2010 | 7439 (45.9) | 4817 (42.1) | 64552 (43.4) | 56955 (37.0) |
| Obesity, number (%) c | ||||
| 1992-1993 | 375 (2.3) | 101 (0.8) | 3888 (1.8) | 2752 (1.2) |
| 1994-1995 | 609 (3.4) | 176 (1.4) | 5458 (2.4) | 3899 (1.6) |
| 1996-1997 | 696 (3.8) | 190 (1.4) | 6194 (2.7) | 4695 (2.0) |
| 1998-1999 | 701 (3.6) | 227 (1.7) | 6172 (2.7) | 4873 (2.2) |
| 2000-2001 | 825 (3.9) | 257 (1.8) | 6540 (2.8) | 5322 (2.4) |
| 2002-2003 | 954 (4.4) | 298 (2.0) | 6528 (2.9) | 5820 (2.6) |
| 2004-2005 | 834 (4.6) | 286 (2.2) | 5860 (3.1) | 5410 (2.9) |
| 2007-2008 | 819 (4.8) | 313 (2.6) | 5478 (3.2) | 5802 (3.4) |
| 2009-2010 | 864 (5.3) | 353 (3.1) | 5329 (3.6) | 6009 (3.9) |
aThe denominator is all traditional Medicare enrollees in each stratum, that is, black female, black male, white female, and white male; bpatients from calendar year 2006 were excluded as detailed in the Methods section; cThe denominator is AMI patients in each stratum, that is, black female, black male, white female, and white male.