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The cytokines production of the peritoneal macrophages on each group (pg/mL). The effects of propolis flavonoids liposome, propolis flavonoids, and blank liposome on peritoneal macrophages were assayed. (a) TNF-α, (b) IL-1β, (c) IL-6, (d) IL-12, and (e) IFN-γ. Values are mean ± SEM, n = 6. a–d The superscripts without the same letters above the columns differ significantly (P < 0.05) from each other in the same concentration group.
