Table 4.
Study outcomes advanced-stage NSCLC.
| Study (characteristics); location | FU | OS | LC | DM | PFS | Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PROTON BEAM ONLY | ||||||
| Bush et al. (26) (prospective, n = 35); U.S. Loma Linda | Median 14 months (range 3–45) | 2 years 31% (IIIA 13%) | 2 years 87% | 14%a | 2 years 63% (IIIA 19%) | G2 RP: 5.7% |
| Shioyama et al. (27) (retrospective, n = 51); Japan, Tsukuba | Median 30 months (range 18–153) | 2 years 62%, 5 years 29% 2 years Stage III/IV 62%, 5 years Stage III/IV 0% | 5 years 57% (total group) | 16%a | 5 years 37% (total group) | Acute: lung tox ≤G1: 92%, G2: 6%, G3: 2% |
| Chang et al. (32) (phase II, n = 44), U.S., Houston | Median 19.7mnd (range 6.1–44.4) | 1 year 86% | Local recurrence rate 20.5% | 43% | 1 year 63% | Acute: CT related G4 tox: 11.4%. G3 dermatitis: 11.4%, G3 esophagitis: 11.4%, G3 RP: 2.3%. No G4 toxicity Late: pulmonary/pleural fistula: 2.3% |
| Nakayama et al. (31) (retrospective, n = 35), Japan, Tsukuba | NR | 1 year 81.8%, 2 years 58.9% | 1 year 93.3%, 2 years 65.9% | 20% | 1 year 59.6%, 2 years 29.2% | Lung: G1: 25.7%, G2: 14.3%. G2 esophagitis: 2.9%. No ≥G3 toxicity |
| Xiang et al. (34) (prospective, n = 84), U.S. Houston | Median 19.2 months (6.1–52.4) | 3 years 37.2% | 2 years 83% | 39% 3 years DMFS 35.4% | 3 years 31.2% | NR |
| Oshiro et al. (30) (retrospective, n = 57), Japan, Tsukuba | Median 16.2 months | 1 year 65.5%, 2 years 39.4% | 1 year 79.1%, 2 years 64.1% | 47%a | 1 year 36.2%, 2 years 24.9% | Acute: lung (RP) G2: 7%, G3: 1.8%, G4: 1.8%, G5: 1.8%. Esophagitis G2: 1.8% Late: RP G2: 6.3%. Hemoptysis G5: 2.1% |
aOwn calculation, time-point unknown.
DM, distant metastases; DMFS, distant metastasis free survival; FU, follow-up; G, CTC Grade; LC, local control; NR, not reported; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression free survival; RP, radiation pneumonitis; RT, radiotherapy.