Table 3. Inhibition of Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Edema by Grains of Paradise Ethanolic Extract and Its Main Components, [6]-Gingerol, [6]-Shogaol, and [6]-Paradol, with Aspirin as a Positive Controla.
| treatment | dose | average paw difference ± SD | inhibition (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | |||
| vehicle | 10 mL/kg | 90 ± 3.5 | |
| A. melegueta extract | 500 mg/kg | 80 ± 13.7 | 11 |
| 1000 mg/kg | 46 ± 4.2** | 49 | |
| aspirin | 150 mg/kg | 51 ± 5.1** | 43 |
| II | |||
| vehicle | 10 mL/kg | 85 ± 3.3 | |
| [6]-paradol | 150 mg/kg | 68 ± 6.7* | 20 |
| aspirin | 150 mg/kg | 54 ± 8.5*** | 36 |
| III | |||
| vehicle | 10 mL/kg | 79 ± 3.4 | |
| [6]-shogaol | 150 mg/kg | 49 ± 5.4*** | 38 |
| [6]-gingerol | 150 mg/kg | 59 ± 8.5** | 25 |
| aspirin | 150 mg/kg | 50 ± 8.6*** | 37 |
a
Test substances were administered orally 60 min before the right hind paw received an injection of carrageenan (0.1 mL of 1% suspension intraplantar). Hind paw edema was measured 3 h later; paw sizes were compared, and average paw difference (expressed in mL) established and inhibition were calculated relative to the vehicle-treated animals in the control group. Data are shown as the mean ± SD and percentages of inhibition. Significance levels: *, 5%; **, 1%; ***, 0.1%.