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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Child Abuse Negl. 2013 Nov 20;38(3):533–543. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.10.016

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Frequency of reports of cruelty to animals by age and persistence. Note: (A) Frequencies of children with no reports of cruelty and reports of cruelty to animals at age 5, 7, 10 or 12 years. Children with data at all waves of data collection included, N = 2,074. (B) Close up of the lower section of panel A. Each column indicates the number of children reported to be cruel to animals at that age, and the number of time points at which these children had reports of cruelty to animals. Three (0.1%) were cruel at all four ages, 7 (0.3%) were cruel at three ages, 45 (2.2%) were cruel at two ages, 140 (6.8%) were cruel at one age; and 1,879 (90.6%) were not reported to be cruel to animals at any age.