Table 1. Clinical characteristics according to sarcopenia and obesity status.
| Sarcopenia (−) | Sarcopenia (+) | P * | |||||
| Total | Obesity (−) | Obesity (+) | Total | Obesity (−) | Obesity (+) | ||
| Number | 419 | 328 | 91 | 155 | 82 | 73 | |
| Age, years, mean | 62.6±0.7 | 63.7±0.8 | 57.8±1.1 | 67.2±1.1 | 68.3±1.8 | 66.0±1.2 | <0.001 |
| Height, cm | 167.2±0.4 | 166.9±0.45 | 168.6±0.9 | 166.7±0.6 | 166.4±0.8 | 166.9±0.9 | 0.46 |
| Weight, kg | 64.0±0.58 | 61.3±0.5 | 75.8±1.1 | 69.3±0.9 | 63.5±0.8 | 75.4±0.9 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.8±0.2 | 22.0±0.1 | 26.7±0.2 | 24.9±0.3 | 22.9±0.2 | 27.0±0.2 | <0.001 |
| WC, cm | 82.9±0.5 | 81.0±0.5 | 91.2±0.8 | 90.7±0.7 | 86.5±0.7 | 95.0±0.8 | <0.001 |
| SMI, % | 32.8±0.1 | 32.9±0.2 | 32.0±0.2 | 28.2±0.1 | 28.3±0.2 | 28.0±0.2 | <0.001 |
| HTN, % | 48.9±3.1 | 49.2±3.4 | 47.4±6.3 | 63.8±4.6 | 61.8±6.6 | 65.9±6.7 | 0.01 |
| DM, % | 17.4±2.5 | 18.0±2.9 | 15.3±4.4 | 29.5±4.6 | 28.8±6.2 | 30.2±6.8 | 0.02 |
| Dyslipid, % | 54.1±3.2 | 52.1±3.7 | 62.7±6.4 | 60.7±5.5 | 60.8±7.3 | 60.5±7.8 | 0.30 |
| MI or HF, % | 4.6±1.7 | 4.4±1.7 | 5.6±4.8 | 3.8±1.8 | 5.0±2.9 | 2.6±2.0 | 0.73 |
| CKD, % | 0.2±0.2 | 0.2±0.2 | 0 | 1.5±0.9 | 1.3±1.3 | 1.7±1.3 | 0.06 |
| Smoking | |||||||
| Current, % | 49.9±2.9 | 50.3±3.3 | 48.2±6.2 | 32.3±4.9 | 32.1±6.7 | 32.5±6.5 | 0.01 |
| Amount, PY | 30.5±1.3 | 29.8±1.5 | 33.6±3.8 | 31.0±2.4 | 32.0±4.1 | 30.0±2.8 | 0.87 |
| COPD stage, % | 0.02 | ||||||
| GOLD 1 | 50.6±3.1 | 50.0±3.5 | 53.7±6.3 | 35.9±4.5 | 38.5±6.8 | 33.2±6.4 | |
| GOLD 2 | 44.4±3.1 | 44.0±3.6 | 45.6±6.3 | 58.7±4.5 | 56.2±6.9 | 61.4±6.7 | |
| GOLD 3–4 | 5.0±1.4 | 5.9±1.7 | 0.7±0.7 | 5.4±2.1 | 5.4±3.0 | 5.4±3.0 | |
| PFT | |||||||
| FVC, L | 4.04±0.05 | 3.97±0.05 | 4.35±0.10 | 3.70±0.08 | 3.68±0.10 | 3.72±0.11 | <0.001 |
| FVC, %predict | 92.4±0.8 | 92.1±0.9 | 93.9±1.6 | 84.9±1.2 | 86.3±1.7 | 83.4±1.7 | <0.001 |
| FEV1, L | 2.56±0.04 | 2.49±0.04 | 2.84±0.08 | 2.33±0.05 | 2.31±0.08 | 2.35±0.07 | 0.001 |
| FEV1, %predict | 78.9±0.9 | 78.2±1.1 | 82.1±1.8 | 76.2±1.3 | 77.4±2.1 | 75.0±1.6 | 0.01 |
| FEV1/FVC, % | 62.9±0.5 | 62.4±0.6 | 65.2±0.8 | 62.8±0.6 | 62.5±0.9 | 63.1±0.8 | 0.82 |
* P values were analyzed for patients with and without sarcopenia.
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SMI, skeletal muscle index; HTN, hypertension; DM, diabetes; Dyslipid, dyslipidemia; MI, myocardial infarction; HF, heart failure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; PY, pack-year; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second.