Table 1.
Clinical characteristics based on extent of fibrosis.
| TOTAL (n = 60) |
GROUP 1 (n = 13) |
GROUP 2 (n = 15) |
GROUP 3 (n = 17) |
GROUP 4 (n = 15) |
P-VALUE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extent of fibrosis (%) | 9.9 ± 7.4 | 2.3 ± 1.3 | 5.8 ± 0.7 | 10.2 ± 1.8 | 20.3 ± 6.2 | |
| LA volume index (mL/m2) | 73.6 ± 22.8 | 76.1 ± 25.7 | 71.6 ± 19.0 | 73.9 ± 24.8 | 73.0 ± 23.5 | 0.965 |
| Age (years) | 59.2 ± 8.9 | 60.5 ± 9.9 | 58.7 ± 8.1 | 58.6 ± 7.9 | 59.2 ± 10.5 | 0.941 |
| Male gender | 46 (76.7) | 9 (69.2) | 11 (73.3) | 14 (82.3) | 12 (80.0) | 0.816 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.3 ± 6.1 | 29.0 ± 6.3 | 27.5 ± 4.3 | 30.2 ± 6.9 | 30.1 ± 6.6 | 0.600 |
| Congestive heart failure | 5 (8.3%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (13.3%) | 2 (11.8%) | 1 (6.7%) | 0.745 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6 (10%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (13.3%) | 1 (5.9%) | 3 (20%) | 0.379 |
| Vascular disease | 7 (11.7%) | 1 (7.7%) | 1 (7.1%) | 3 (17.7%) | 2 (13.3%) | 0.862 |
| Hypertension | 28 (46.7%) | 6 (46.2%) | 5 (33.3%) | 7 (41.2%) | 10 (66.7%) | 0.328 |
| Sleep apnea | 17 (28.3%) | 5 (38.5%) | 5 (33.3%) | 4 (23.5%) | 3 (20%) | 0.701 |
| Time in continuous AF (months) | 1.3 ± 1.4 | 0.95 ± 1.2 | 1.0 ± 1.5 | 1.7 ± 1.6 | 1.5 ± 1.1 | 0.402 |
| Paroxysmal AF | 35 (58.3%) | 9 (69.2%) | 11 (73.3%) | 9 (52.9%) | 6 (40%) | 0.232 |
| CHADS2 score | ||||||
| 0 | 28 (46.7%) | 6 (46.15%) | 9 (60%) | 9 (52.9%) | 4 (26.7%) | 0.213 |
| 1 | 21 (35%) | 4 (30.8%) | 2 (13.3%) | 7 (41.2%) | 8 (53.3%) | |
| 2 | 5 (8.3%) | 1 (7.7%) | 2 (13.3%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (13.3%) | |
| 3 | 4 (6.7%) | 2 (15.4%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.9%) | 1 (6.67%) | |
| 4 | 1 (1.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (6.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 5 | 1 (1.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (6.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Note: Continuous variables are summarized as mean ± standard deviation and categorical variables as number (percentage).