. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 31.

Published in final edited form as: Biometrics. 2014 Apr 29;70(3):489–499. doi: 10.1111/biom.12179

Table 1.

Empirical bias (Bias), empirical standard error (ESE), average of the estimated standard error (ASE) and the empirical coverage level of the 95% CIs (95%-CP) for $V_{I_{calib}}$ via ${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{¢}}}$ and ${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{calib}}$ under various working models.

(a) Continuous outcome

				Apparent			2-fold CV
Model	Method	True	ASE	Bias	ESE	95%-CP	Bias	ESE	95%-CP
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{¢}}}$		0.629	0.109	0.609	0.952	0.073	0.602	0.955
M ₁	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{c}}}$	9.510	0.621	0.047	0.605	0.946	0.026	0.602	0.947
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{calib}}$		0.621	0.047	0.605	0.946	0.026	0.602	0.947
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{¢}}}$		0.628	0.108	0.610	0.949	0.076	0.605	0.954
M ₂	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{c}}}$	9.510	0.621	0.048	0.603	0.946	0.022	0.600	0.946
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{calib}}$		0.621	0.048	0.603	0.946	0.022	0.600	0.946
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{¢}}}$		0.632	0.124	0.629	0.948	0.089	0.623	0.944
M ₃	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{c}}}$	8.842	0.621	0.044	0.620	0.945	−0.020	0.616	0.945
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{calib}}$		0.621	0.044	0.620	0.945	−0.020	0.616	0.945
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{¢}}}$		0.639	0.212	0.633	0.962	0.146	0.630	0.956
M ₄	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{c}}}$	8.834	0.637	0.137	0.627	0.955	0.107	0.623	0.944
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{calib}}$		0.630	0.074	0.621	0.951	0.057	0.613	0.944

(b) Binary outcome

				Apparent			2-fold CV
Model	Method	True	ASE	Bias	ESE	95%-CP	Bias	ESE	95%-CP
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{c}}}$		0.042	0.028	0.037	0.927	0.016	0.037	0.935
M ₁	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{c}}}$	0.766	0.039	0.018	0.036	0.948	0.008	0.036	0.963
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{calib}}$		0.039	0.019	0.035	0.946	0.007	0.036	0.960
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{¢}}}$		0.043	0.042	0.037	0.905	0.010	0.037	0.972
M ₂	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{c}}}$	0.766	0.041	0.033	0.035	0.920	−0.005	0.036	0.974
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{calib}}$		0.040	0.034	0.035	0.921	−0.004	0.036	0.976
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{¢}}}$		0.041	0.045	0.036	0.902	0.029	0.037	0.933
M ₃	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{c}}}$	0.754	0.039	0.029	0.035	0.946	0.019	0.035	0.949
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{calib}}$		0.038	0.030	0.035	0.940	0.020	0.035	0.943
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{¢}}}$		0.048	0.039	0.042	0.900	0.031	0.041	0.915
M ₄	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{\hat{c}}}$	0.749	0.042	0.032	0.041	0.915	0.024	0.040	0.924
	${\hat{V}}_{{\hat{I}}_{calib}}$		0.041	0.019	0.040	0.924	0.015	0.039	0.940