Table 1.
Hormone and Metabolite Concentrations at Room Temperature and Cold Exposure, Before and After Cold Acclimation
| Before Acclimation |
After Acclimation |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Room Temperature | Cold Exposure | Room Temperature | Cold Exposure | |
| Energy expenditure, kcal/min | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 2.7 ± 0.2b | 1.3 ± 0.0 | 2.5 ± 0.2b |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 4.8 ± 0.2 | 4.8 ± 0.1 | 4.6 ± 0.1c | 4.5 ± 0.1c |
| Raglucose, μmol/min | 1707 ± 166 | 2059 ± 100 | ||
| Insulin, pmol/L | 67 ± 13 | 53 ± 8 | 57 ± 14 | 53 ± 9 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.20 ± 0.47 | 1.13 ± 0.41 | 0.95 ± 0.36 | 1.02 ± 0.41 |
| NEFA, μmol/L | 398 ± 53 | 687 ± 110b | 411 ± 69 | 691 ± 132b |
| RaNEFA, μmol/min | 485 ± 71 | 756 ± 96b | 448 ± 111 | 665 ± 119b |
| RoxNEFA, μmol/min | 326 ± 77 | 601 ± 89b | 319 ± 65 | 631 ± 128b |
| TSH, IU/L | 2.56 ± 0.73 | 1.96 ± 0.54b | 1.98 ± 0.34 | 1.82 ± 0.47b |
| Free T3, pmol/L | 6.0 ± 0.4 | 5.8 ± 0.4 | 5.8 ± 0.3 | 7.0 ± 1.1 |
| Free T4, pmol/L | 16.2 ± 0.8 | 16.7 ± 0.7 | 16.8 ± 0.4 | 16.0 ± 1.5 |
| ACTH, pmol/L | 4.2 ± 0.7 | 3.4 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.2 | 3.4 ± 0.4 |
| Cortisol, nmol/L | 374 ± 25 | 308 ± 37 | 299 ± 48c | 280 ± 27c |
| Leptin, ng/mL | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 2.4 ± 1.0 | 2.6 ± 0.9 | 2.3 ± 0.7 |
Abbreviations: Ra, rate of appearance; Rox, oxidation rate.
a
Values are means ± SEM; n = 6 subjects.
b
Different from room temperature, P < .05.
c
Different from Pre-acclimation, P < .05.