. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 30.

Published in final edited form as: Osteoporos Int. 2012 Jan 21;23(11):2615–2624. doi: 10.1007/s00198-012-1903-3

Table 3.

Relative risks of hip fracture in categories of fish intake in 75878 women in the NHS (1984–2006) and in 46476 men in the HPFS (1986–2008)

	Fish intake, servings
	<1/mo	1–3/mo	1/wk	2–4/wk	≥5/wk	95% CI	p for rend
Women
N of cases	71	149	669	143	19
Model 1^a	1	1.14	1.02	0.85	0.79	(0.47, 1.31)	0.01
Model 2^b	1	1.20	1.14	1.01	0.95	(0.55, 1.63)	0.31
Men
N of cases	43	64	288	108	26
Model 1^a	1	0.85	0.67	0.65	0.60	(0.36, 0.99)	0.05
Model 2^b	1	0.93	0.79	0.78	0.72	(0.42, 1.25)	0.32
Pooled	1	1.10	1.00	0.92	0.83	(0.56, 1.22)	0.16

Model 1 was adjusted for age.

Model 2 was adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking status (never, former, current), physical activity (quintiles), thiazide-type diuretic use, multivitamin use, osteoporosis, CVD and cancer, and intakes of total energy, calcium, protein, vitamin D, vitamin K, retinol, caffeine, and alcohol (all in quintiles), and postmenopausal hormone use in women.