Table 4.
IL-1β production by purified peripheral blood monocytes in the study groups
| Study group | Without stimuli [pg/ml] | LPS | Zymosan | CL097 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASD-ISd | ||||
| - Flare | 736.6 ± 242.4a | 2141.2 ± 819.4b | 2665.0 ± 569.5b | 3062.0 ± 888.2 |
| - Non-flare | 424.8 ± 328.2 | 1596 ± 57.5 | 1990.4 ± 664.7 | 2925.8 ± 862.0 |
| ASD/NFA | 404.2 ± 242.4 | 582.7 ± 427.7c | 373.7 ± 1620.7c | 1056.8 ± 572.6c |
| ASD/non-NFA | 471.9 ± 299.1 | 1592.8 ± 599.4 | 566.3 ± 1823.2 | 2729.2 ± 1025.4 |
| Non-ASD/NFA | 639.0 ± 424.0 | 1557.5 ± 566.6 | 1826 ± 678.2 | 2373.6 ± 1220.0 |
| Normal control | 361.2 ± 316.8 | 1580.4 ± 428.5 | 1709.9 ± 597.2 | 2668.7 ± 609.1 |
| PANS | ||||
| - Flare | 797.0 ± 598.8a | 2310.9 ± 1057.3 | 2124.2 ± 590.4 | 3065.1 ± 683.8 |
| - Non-Flare | 731.9 ± 427.0a | 1980.8 ± 845.6 | 1888.1 ± 630.2 | 2615.6 ± 791.6 |
aSpontaneous production of IL-1β is higher in ‘flare’ ASD-IS cells than in ‘non-flare’ ASD-IS cells in matched pair analysis as shown in Figure 3. IL-β levels produced spontaneously is also higher than those produced by normal, ASD/NFA, and ASD/non-NFA (P <0.02 for ‘flare’ ASD-IS cells and P <0.05 for PANS cells).
bIL-1ß levels produced by ‘flare’ ASD-IS cells in response to LPS and zymosan are higher than those by non-flare ASD-IS cells by matched pair analysis as shown in Figure 4. These levels are also higher than those produced by other control cells except for PANS cells.
cIL-1ß production by ASD/NFA cells in response to LPS, zymosan, and CL097 are lowest among the study groups (P <0.001).
d Abbreviations used; ASD, autism spectrum disorders, ASD-IS; ASD-inflammatory subtype, IL, interleukin; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; NFA, non-IgE mediated food allergy; PANS, pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome.