Figure 3.

Fungal penetration of hair shafts. (a,b) Thin hyphae invading ancient human scalp hair (Saqqaq) and woolly mammoth (Yukagir) hair (lateral fronds are circled). (c) Lateral hyphae in woolly rhino hair. (d) Extensive mass of lateral hyphae in polar bear flank hair. (e) ‘Needle’ (i) and ‘fissure’ (ii) type damage, to the shaft of woolly mammoth (Yukagir) hair. (f) Surface fungal ‘bloom’ on M26 woolly mammoth hair. Scale bar: a = 50 μm, b = 100 μm, c = 100 μm, d = 200 μm, e = 200 μm, f = 100 μm. (Online version in colour.)