Binding of YscUCN and variants to vesicles. The binding capacity of YscUCN variants to vesicles with varying anionic charge density was probed by observing the CD signal at 220 nm. CD spectra were recorded at 20°C in 5 mM sodium phosphate, 30 mM NaCl, and 1 mM TCEP at pH 6.0. The data were analyzed with a one-site binding model (solid lines) and the binding capacity is judged from the maximum amplitude of the CD signal. Black, CNWT; green, CN6; red, CNR223A; purple, CNK218A; blue, CNE220A.