Table 1.
Item | Acarbose (mg/mL) | SEM | p value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | Acarbose vs control | Linear | ||
pH | 5.59 | 6.49 | 6.51 | 6.57 | 0.177 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Lactic acid (mM) | 0.21 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.056 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Acetate (mM) | 67.94 | 61.77 | 61.88 | 62.25 | 1.437 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Propionate (mM) | 29.24 | 18.24 | 18.04 | 18.76 | 0.539 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Isobutyrate (mM) | 1.38 | 1.07 | 1.3 | 1.55 | 0.27 | 0.322 | 0.37 |
Butyrate (mM) | 24.74 | 8.4 | 9.24 | 8.57 | 0.453 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Isovalerate (mM) | 1.08 | 1.67 | 1.76 | 1.63 | 0.083 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Valerate (mM) | 1.5 | 1.78 | 1.86 | 1.78 | 0.067 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Acetate to Propionate | 2.32 | 3.39 | 3.43 | 3.32 | 0.048 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
TSCFA (mM) | 125.88 | 92.91 | 94.07 | 94.55 | 2.319 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
NH3-N (mM) | 5.12 | 14.36 | 16.2 | 15.41 | 0.844 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
LPS (EU/mL) | 12,965.66 | 9,238.25 | 7,364.5 | 8,370.73 | 647.702 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Total gas production (mL) | 155.35 | 93.58 | 90.65 | 85.95 | 3.877 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
SEM, standard error of the mean; TSCFA, total short chain fatty acid; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; EU, endotoxin unit.