Table 1.

Summary statistics and two-sample mean comparison (t-test) between migrants and non-migrants residing in rural Madagascar

Outcomes	N	Mean	Std. Dev.	Min	Max	Migrant
						No	Yes	sig.1
Financial capital
Wealth index	19033	2.61	1.31	1	5	2.46	2.99	***
Physical capital
Physical capital index	19032	0.00	0.69	−0.11	9.68	−0.04	0.09	***
Refrigerator	19031	0.01	0.11	0	1	0.01	0.02	***
Motorcycle/scooter	19025	0.01	0.11	0	1	0.01	0.02	***
Car/truck	19025	0.01	0.10	0	1	0.01	0.02	***
Telephone	19029	0.01	0.09	0	1	0.00	0.02	***
Human capital
Human capital index	19033	0.00	0.69	−0.84	3.42	−0.07	0.17	***
Reading newspaper	18983	0.22	0.59	0	3	0.18	0.30	***
Listening to radio	19011	1.37	1.33	0	3	1.28	1.59	***
Watching television	19016	0.18	0.65	0	3	0.14	0.28	***
Education (category)	19033	1.25	1.11	0	5	1.15	1.49	***
Social capital
Association member	12592	0.10	0.30	0	1	0.09	0.12	***
Predictors
Migration
Migrant	18872	0.28	0.45	0	1	0	1	NA
Rural-to-Rural	18828	0.20	0.40	0	1	0	0.73	NA
Urban-to-Rural	18828	0.08	0.26	0	1	0	0.27	NA
Length of residence	18872	2.36	5.59	0	49	0	8.51	NA
Natural capital
NDVI (August 2008)	18751	0.47	0.16	0.20	0.83	0.47	0.45	***
NDVI (February 2009)	18751	0.61	0.11	0.31	0.84	0.61	0.60	***
Controls
Age	19033	29.81	10.75	15	59	29.36	31.10	***
Male	19033	0.34	0.47	0	1	0.37	0.25	***
Married	19033	0.70	0.46	0	1	0.65	0.81	***
Religious	19030	0.70	0.46	0	1	0.66	0.79	***
Not working	19031	0.10	0.30	0	1	0.10	0.09
Professional/Supervisor	19031	0.02	0.15	0	1	0.01	0.05	***
Service worker	19031	0.05	0.22	0	1	0.04	0.09	***
Skilled manual worker	19031	0.81	0.39	0	1	0.84	0.75	***
Unskilled worker	19031	0.02	0.13	0	1	0.01	0.03	***
Household size	19033	5.86	2.77	1	22	6.00	5.45	***
No. children (< 5years)	19033	1.12	1.05	0	7	1.14	1.07	***
Development index	19033	0.00	0.46	−0.56	1.89	−0.04	0.12	***

¹Significancelevel refers to p-values, calculatedbased on group mean comparison(t-test)

^*≤.05;

^**≤.01;

^***≤.001

Source: Demographic and Health Survey for Madagascar 2008/2009