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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 30.
Published in final edited form as: Glia. 2013 Oct 28;62(1):17–25. doi: 10.1002/glia.22580

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Effect of anti-obesity pharmacotherapy on hypothalamic microglial activation in obese mice. Compared with vehicle control (A), no effects on iba1-ir and ramification were observed in WT mice treated with 5 days of leptin or pair-fed (high-magnification images for the cells pointed by white arrows are in the upper right panel) (A–E); 5 days of leptin treatment significantly increased the iba1-ir microglial number and ramification in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of ob/ob mice in comparison with the vehicle group. The pair-fed (to leptin) group also had significantly increased microglial activation but with less-extensive ramification (F–J). Exendin-4 treatment in mice with diet-induced obesity significantly reduced the number of iba1-positive microglia and ramification in the ARC compared with vehicle control and pair-fed control groups (L–P). P < 0.05 for #: vs. vehicle in (I), (J), (O) and (P); *: vs. leptin group; scale bar = 100 μm.