Table 1.
Baseline, exercise, and electrocardiographic characteristics of 18,964 patients undergoing treadmill exercise testing according to gender.
| Women n=6,486 |
Men n=12,478 |
Entire cohort n=18,964 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Demographic and clinical | |||
| Age, y | 53 (46, 62) | 50 (43, 58) | 51 (44, 60) |
| Current or recent smoking, n (%) | 1,142 (18%) | 2,109 (17%) | 3,251 (17%) |
| Non-insulin treated diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 372 (6%) | 549 (4%) | 921 (5%) |
| Insulin-treated diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 153 (2%) | 194 (2%) | 347 (2%) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 3,000 (46%) | 5,491 (44%) | 8,491 (45%) |
| Typical angina, n (%) | 85 (1%) | 72 (1%) | 157 (1%) |
| Exercise | |||
| Predicted Metabolic Equivalents Achieved *, % | 103% (88%, 120%) | 103% (90%, 116%) | 103% (90%, 117%) |
| ST-segment depression (10th, 90th percentiles), mm | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 1) |
| Test angina, n (%) | 131 (2%) | 125 (1%) | 256 (1%) |
| Abnormal heart rate recovery, n (%) | 1,264 (19%) | 1,930 (15%) | 3,194 (17%) |
| Frequent ventricular ectopy in recovery, n (%) | 219 (3%) | 468 (4%) | 687 (4%) |
| Electrocardiographic | |||
| Ventricular rate, bpm | 69 (61, 77) | 64 (57, 73) | 66 (58, 74) |
| P wave duration, ms | 104 (96, 112) | 112 (104, 116) | 108 (100, 116) |
| PR interval, ms | 156 (140, 168) | 160 (148, 176) | 160 (144, 176) |
| QRS duration, ms | 84 (80, 92) | 96 (88, 100) | 92 (84, 100) |
| Sokolow-Lyon voltage, mV | 2.0 (1.6, 2.4) | 2.2 (1.8, 2.7) | 2.1 (1.8, 2.6) |
| Cornell voltage, mV | 1.1 (0.8, 1.5) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.8) | 1.3 (1.0, 1.7) |
| ST segment deviation in lead V5, mV | 0.29 (0.04, 0.53) | 0.92 (0.48, 1.41) | 0.63 (0.24, 1.17) |
| ST segment slope in lead V5, mV | 0.29 (0.10, 0.44) | 0.78 (0.44, 1.17) | 0.54 (0.29, 0.93) |
| QT interval, ms | 396 (372, 416) | 400 (376, 420) | 396 (376, 420) |
| QRS axis, degrees | 31 (8, 55) | 27 (3, 52) | 29 (4, 53) |
| T wave amplitude in lead V5, mV | 0.22 (0.13, 0.30) | 0.31 (0.20, 0.43) | 0.28 (0.17, 0.40) |
Continuous variables are medians (25th to 75th percentiles), unless otherwise indicated.
*
Predicted metabolic equivalents (METS) achieved was calculated with previously validated models17: for men – observed METS / (18 − [0.15 × age]) × 100, and for women – observed METS / (14.7 − [0.13 × age]) × 100.