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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 30.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Sci. 2011 Jun;2(6):1103–1110. doi: 10.1039/C1SC00041A

Scheme 2.

Scheme 2

In vitro integrin competitive binding assay. One of three integrin proteins (αvβ3, αIIbβ3, αvβ5) was coated on a 96 well plate with overnight incubation. Biotinylated natural ligands (red circles) and c[RGDyK]-labeled cryptophane 3 (competitive binder, blue circles) were added to the integrin and incubated for 3 h. Unbound compounds were removed with gentle washing and NeutrAvidin–HRP was added to each well. Bound NeutrAvidin–HRP was then quantified using tetramethyl benzidine horseradish peroxidase substrate.