MC38 colon tumor-bearing mice treated with vehicle, rofecoxib (50 mg/l), or rofecoxib + HET0016 (5 mg·kg−1·day−1 ip), as well as control mice (nontumor), were subjected to ischemic stroke using a modified thromboembolic model. A: presence of bleeding was evaluated as a measure of vascular injury. Four out of five animals in the rofecoxib group developed macroscopic bleeding into the brain, while there was no visible bleeding in any other groups. #P = 0.0008 (Fisher's exact test). B: infarct size was significantly smaller in rofecoxib-treated groups. *P < 0.05 vs. vehicle. A representative image from each group is shown on top. C: functional outcome was greatly improved in the rofecoxib + HET0016 group, as indicated by a lower neurological deficit score. **P < 0.01 vs. other groups. Values are means ± SE; n = 4 in control and n = 5–7 in other groups.