Table 3.

Adjusted risks of depressed mood onset over a 9-year follow-up according to baseline leptin levels and waist circumference in the InCHIANTI Study.

		Risk of Depressed Mood Onset
N=596		Model 1			Model 2			Model 3
		H.R.	95% C.I.	p	H.R.	95% C.I.	p	H.R.	95% C.I.	p
(log)leptin		1.17	(0.98 –1.40)	0.08	1.16	(0.97 –1.39)	0.10	1.14	(0.96 –1.37)	0.14
(log)leptin		1.12	(0.92 –1.36)	0.27	1.11	(0.91 –1.35)	0.31	1.10	(0.90 –1.34)	0.38
waist		1.01	(0.99 –1.03)	0.27	1.01	(0.99 –1.03)	0.32	1.01	(0.99 –1.03)	0.35
(log)leptin		0.30	(0.09 –1.01)	0.05	0.28	(0.08 –0.96)	0.04	0.30	(0.09 –1.06)	0.06
waist		0.98	(0.94 –1.01)	0.18	0.97	(0.94 –1.01)	0.15	0.98	(0.94 –1.01)	0.19
(log)leptin-by-waist				0.03			0.03			0.04

Abbreviations: HR, Hazard Ratios; 95%CI, 95% Confidence Intervals

Depressed Mood: Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) score ≥ 20 at any follow-up assessments in participants with CES-D < 20 at baseline

Model 1: adjusted for age and sex

Model 2: additionally adjusted for CES-D (continuous) scores at baseline

Model 3: additionally adjusted for education, smoking, diabetes, antidepressant use, education, smoking, diabetes, use of antidepressants, number of chronic diseases, presence of ADL disability and MMSE