FIG. 9.

Sulforaphane protects cells from aldosterone-induced DNA damage. Cells were stained for DSBs with an antibody against γ-H2AX. (A) Shown are representative pictures of control cells and aldosterone- (10 and 100 nM) and sulforaphane (2 μM)-treated cells for 4 h. Pictures were taken by a TCS SP5 laser scanning confocal microscope. Quantifications were done after 4 h (B) and 24 h (C) of treatment by measuring gray values of ∼150 cells per treatment with ImageJ. (D) Representative pictures of nuclei of cells subjected to the comet assay procedure. Left picture: nucleus of an untreated cell, middle and right picture: nuclei of cells treated with aldosterone with different grades of DNA damage. Effects of sulforaphane on aldosterone-induced DNA damage measured by comet assay in LLC-PK1 cells after 4 h (E) and 24 h (F). Shown is the induction of DNA damage. (B, C, E, F) Shown are mean values±SEM, *p≤0.05 versus the control group, ^#p≤0.05 versus the respective treatment with aldosterone alone, tested by ANOVA with subsequent post-hoc comparisons by Scheffé. See Supplementary Fig. S4.