Table 1.
Cytokines.
| Cytokine | Uses | Agent | Developmental stage and clinical trial references† |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL-2 | Monotherapy | IL-2, proleukin, aldesleukin |
Approved for IV infusion in advanced Renal cell cancer and melanoma Phase II clinical trials (dosing) 1. NCT01702896†– melanoma 2. NCT01702909†– kidney cancer |
| Companion therapy to Lymphodepletion (LD)/ACT/DC Vaccination/lpi |
IL-2, proleukin, aldesleukin |
Phase II clinical trials for melanoma 1. NCT00338377† – LD + ACT + DC Vax 2. NCT01995344‡–TIL + CTX 3. NCT01701674† – LD + ACT + Ipi 4. NCT02027935† – ACT + CTX + Ipi |
|
| Engineered IL-2 variants |
RO6895882 (GA504/CEA-IL2v) |
Phase I clinical trial 1. NCT02004106†–solid tumors |
|
| ALT-801 (soluble P53TCR-IL-2 fusion protein) |
Phase I/II clinical trial 1. NCT01670994¶– myeloma |
||
| IL-2 superkine (super-2) | Preclinical animal studies | ||
| IL-2/mAb immune complexes |
mlL-2/anti-IL-2, rh-IL-2/IL-2Rα |
Preclinical animal studies | |
| IL-15 | Monotherapy | rhlL-15 | Phase 1 clinical trials 1. NCT01572493† –carcinoma, lymphoma 2. NCT01727076† – solid tumors 3. NCT01021059§ – melanoma or RCC |
| Companion therapy(with NK cell or TIL transfer) |
rhlL-15 | Phase I clinical trials 1. NCT01385423† –AML 2. NCT01875601† –solid tumors Phase I/II clinical trial 1.NCT01369888† – melanoma |
|
| IL-15/mAb immune complexes |
ALT-803 (IL-15N72D + IL-15RαSu/ Fc) |
Phase I/II clinical trials 1. NCT01946789‡– melanoma 2. NCT01885897† – hematologic malignancy |
|
| IL-21 | Monotherapy | rh-IL-21 | Phase I clinical trial 1. NCT00095108§ – melanoma or kidney cancer Phase II clinical trial 1. NCT00514085§– melanoma |
| Combination therapy (with Ip or nivolumab) |
rh-IL-21 | Phase I clinical trials 1. NCT01489059¶–melanoma 2. NCT01629758†–solid tumors |
|
Representative trials, not meant to be exhaustive list of all trials.
Clinical trial status obtained March 2014 from the ClinicalTrials.gov website maintained by the NIH.
†
Recruiting.
‡
Not yet recruiting.
§
Completed.
¶
Active, not recruiting.
ACT: Adoptive cell transfer; AML: Acute myeloid leukemia; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CTX: Chemotherapy; DC: Dendritic cell; Ipi: Lipilimumab; IV: Intravenous; LD: Lymphodepletion; mAb: Monoclonal antibody; mIL: Mouse interluekin; RCC:Renal cell cancer; TCR: T-cell receptor; TIL: Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes; rbIL: Recombinant human interluekin; Vax: DC vaccination.