Table 1.
Patient characteristics at ART initiation and treatment outcomes for patients initiating a nevirapine- or efavirenz-based regimen between April 2004 and August 2011 in Johannesburg, South Africa
| Variable | Exposure | Nevirapine | Efavirenz |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total N | 878 (100%) | 11,962 (100%) | |
| Year of ART initiationa | 2004/2005 | 227 (25.9%) | 2513 (21.0%) |
| 2006/2007 | 266 (30.3%) | 3247 (27.1%) | |
| 2008/2009 | 242 (27.6%) | 3485 (29.1%) | |
| 2010/2011 | 143 (16.3%) | 2717 (22.7%) | |
| Sex | Male | 312 (35.5%) | 4566 (38.2%) |
| Female | 566 (64.5%) | 7396 (61.8%) | |
| Age (years) | Median (IQR) | 33.0 (28.4–39.1) | 37.2 (31.9–43.9) |
| <30 | 283 (32.2%) | 2033 (17.0%) | |
| 30–34 | 243 (27.7%) | 2672 (22.3%) | |
| 35–39 | 169 (19.3%) | 2644 (22.1%) | |
| 40–44 | 103 (11.7%) | 1963 (16.4%) | |
| ≥45 | 80 (9.1%) | 2650 (22.2%) | |
| CD4 count (cells/mm3) | Median (IQR) | 100.5 (42–160) | 98 (36–169) |
| <50 | 242 (27.6%) | 3741 (31.3%) | |
| 50–99 | 192 (21.9%) | 2305 (19.3%) | |
| 100–199 | 394 (44.9%) | 4181 (35.0%) | |
| ≥200 | 50 (5.7%) | 1735 (14.5%) | |
| WHO Stage | Stage I | 419 (47.7%) | 4519 (37.8%) |
| Stage II | 127 (14.5%) | 1932 (16.2%) | |
| Stage III | 247 (28.1%) | 3585 (30.0%) | |
| Stage IV | 85 (9.7%) | 1926 (16.1%) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | Median (IQR) | 22.0 (19.7–25.1) | 21.7 (19.2–24.9) |
| Missing | 75 (8.5%) | 1169 (9.8%) | |
| <18.5 | 114 (13.0%) | 2034 (17.0%) | |
| 18.5–24.9 | 481 (54.8%) | 6125 (51.2%) | |
| 25.0–29.9 | 136 (15.5%) | 1823 (15.2%) | |
| ≥30 | 72 (8.2%) | 811 (6.8%) | |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | Median (IQR) | 11.3 (9.7–12.7) | 11.0 (9.5–12.5) |
| Anaemia | Missing | 50 (5.7%) | 569 (4.8%) |
| No anaemia | 236 (26.9%) | 2900 (24.2%) | |
| Mild anaemia | 212 (24.2%) | 2720 (22.7%) | |
| Moderate anaemia | 317 (36.1%) | 4627 (38.7%) | |
| Severe anaemia | 63 (7.2%) | 1146 (9.6%) | |
| NRTIb | Stavudine | 728 (82.9%) | 9235 (77.2%) |
| Zidovudine | 24 (2.7%) | 293 (2.5%) | |
| Tenofovir | 126 (14.4%) | 2434 (20.4%) | |
| Outcome at 12 months | Alive | 700 (79.7%) | 9158 (76.6%) |
| Dead | 55 (6.3%) | 1006 (8.4%) | |
| Lost to follow-up | 88 (10.0%) | 1287 (10.8%) | |
| Transferred out | 35 (4.0%) | 511 (4.3%) | |
| Achieved viral suppressionc | 641 (90.0%) | 8571 (92.7%) | |
| Experienced virologic failured | 43 (6.1%) | 307 (3.3%) |
a
A year is defined as a cohort year, starting 1 April and ending 31 March of the following year. The 2011 cohort starts in April and ends in August of the same year;
b
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI);
c
among patients with at least one viral load between one month and one year after ART initiation;
d
among patients with at least one viral load after four months of follow-up.