Table 2. Reported uptake of antenatal care and HIV-testing in the random community sample.
| Population | Random community sample | Those who accessed ANC with negative or unknown HIV status | ||||
| (n = 405) | (n = 362) | |||||
| Uptake of Service | No ANC | ANC | No HIV Test | HIV Tested | ||
| n(%) or med (IQR) | n(%) or med (IQR) | p-value | n(%) or med (IQR) | n(%) or med (IQR) | p-value | |
| 26 (6.4) | 379 (93.6) | 48 (13.3) | 314 (86.7) | |||
| Demographic Information | ||||||
| Age | 27 (23–32) | 25 (22–30) | 0.17 | 24.5 (22–28) | 25 (22–30) | 0.62 |
| Years of residence in village | 9 (4–13) | 7 (3.5–11.3) | 0.34 | 7 (3.5–10.3) | 7 (3.3–11.5) | 0.91 |
| Marital status | 0.63 | 0.23 | ||||
| Married monogamous | 22 (84.6) | 296 (78.1) | 34 (70.8) | 250 (79.6) | ||
| Married polygamous | 3 (11.5) | 57 (15.0) | 12 (25.0) | 43 (13.7) | ||
| Single | 0 (0.0) | 17 (4.5) | 2 (4.2) | 15 (4.8) | ||
| Widowed | 1 (3.9) | 9 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (1.9) | ||
| Occupation | 0.62 | 0.03 | ||||
| Unemployed | 6 (23.1) | 65 (17.2) | 15 (31.3) | 47 (15.0) | ||
| Housewife | 11 (42.3) | 152 (40.2) | 17 (35.4) | 129 (41.2) | ||
| Employed | 9 (34.6) | 161 (42.6) | 16 (33.3) | 137 (43.8) | ||
| Completed primary education | 3 (12.0) | 181 (47.9) | <0.001 | 19 (39.6) | 154 (49.2) | 0.28 |
| Cattle ownership (≥1 in household) | 13 (50.0) | 179 (47.5) | 0.84 | 16 (33.3) | 154 (49.4) | 0.04 |
| Mobile phone (≥1 in household) | 15 (57.7) | 274 (72.5) | 0.12 | 24 (50.0) | 236 (75.4) | <0.001 |
| Roof type | 1.00 | 0.06 | ||||
| Grass | 19 (73.1) | 269 (71.2) | 40 (83.3) | 217 (69.3) | ||
| Corrugated iron sheet or better | 7 (26.9) | 109 (28.8) | 8 (16.7) | 96 (30.7) | ||
| Pregnancy Information | ||||||
| Number of times pregnant | 5 (4–7) | 4 (3–6) | 0.001 | 3 (3–4.5) | 4 (3–6) | 0.23 |
| HIV Testing | ||||||
| Partner tested for HIV | – | – | 16 (36.4) | 179 (60.3) | 0.003 | |
| Partner HIV positive (among tested) | – | – | 1 (6.7) | 19 (11.0) | 1.00 | |
| Knowledge and Beliefs * | ||||||
| Is there any way to prevent HIV | 15 (60.0) | 283 (75.1) | 0.10 | 29 (61.7) | 240 (76.7) | 0.03 |
| Pregnant women can give HIV to baby | 14 (56.0) | 247 (65.3) | 0.39 | 28 (59.6) | 205 (65.3) | 0.51 |
| Can prevent MTCT of HIV | 10 (71.4) | 200 (81.3) | 0.48 | 16 (34.0) | 171 (54.6) | 0.01 |
* % women answering agree/yes to knowledge questions.
Women who delivered an infant in the previous year and reside in the Demographic Health and Surveillance System Area, Nyanza Province, Kenya (2011).