Reagents and conditions: (i)
PhCOCl, TEA, DCM, DMAP, rt; (ii) BuLi, THF, −78 °C then N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide, −30
°C; (iii) for 17c, PhCO2H, PyBroP, DIPA,
DMAP, DCM, rt; (iv) NaOH, dioxane, 110 °C; (v) for 18e, NaOH, DMSO, 110 °C; (vi) for 19a–e, Cs2CO3, acetone, rt; (vii) PyBroP,
DIPA, DCM, rt; (viii) NaOH, dioxane, 110 °C; (ix) for 22a, K2CO3, MeCN, 50 °C; (x) Cs2CO3, acetone, rt.