Table 1.

Characteristics of targetable mutations in NSCLC and active clinical trials

Gene	Frequency (%)*	Predominant histology	Mechanism	Detection method	Clinical trials
ROS1 [7,4,15,16]	1–2%	AdenoCA	Fusion	FISH, NGS, PCR	NCT01945021 NCT02186821 NCT02183870 NCT02097810 NCT01970865 NCT01964157 NCT02034981 NCT01922583
RET [11,16,22]	1.2–2%	AdenoCA	Fusion	FISH, NGS, PCR	NCT01813734 NCT01639508 NCT01823068 NCT01829217 NCT01877083 NCT01831726 NCT01582191 NCT01922583 NCT02029001
NTRK1 [28]	<0.5%	AdenoCA	Fusion	FISH, NGS, PCR	NCT02048488 NCT02097810 NCT01804530
MET [15,32,33]	1–4%	AdenoCA	Gene amplification, (exon 14 splicing)	IHC, PCR, FISH	NCT02132598 NCT01610336 NCT01911507 NCT01324479 NCT02154490 NCT01039948 NCT00585195 NCT01014936 NCT02055066 NCT01472016 NCT01253707 NCT01468922 NCT01773018
FGFR [36,37]	10–20%	SCC	Gene amplification, (Fusion)	SNP array, FISH, IHC, qPCR	NCT01831726 NCT01935336 NCT02160041 NCT01004224 NCT01948297 NCT01795768 NCT01283945 NCT02109016 NCT01976741 NCT02052778 NCT01868022 NCT02154490 NCT01676714 NCT02133157 NCT02117167
HER2 [33,49–51]	1–3%	AdenoCA	Insertion/deletion	PCR, direct sequencing, mass spectrometry	NCT01922583 NCT02029001 NCT01827267 NCT01542437 NCT02183883 NCT01148849 NCT01526473 NCT02117167 NCT01306045
BRAF [33,55]	1–3%	AdenoCA	Point mutation (Fusion)	PCR, direct sequencing, MALDI-TOF, mass spec, SSCA, HRMA	NCT01531361 NCT01306045 NCT01922583 NCT02029001 NCT01336634 NCT02012231
NRG1 [62]	3.9%	Mucinous AdenoCA	Fusion	RT-PCR, FISH, gene copy number, transcriptome sequencing	None

AdenoCA, adenocarcinoma; FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; NGS, next generation sequencing; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; IHC, immunohistochemistry; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; qPCR, quantitative PCR; MALDI-TOF, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight; Mass spec, mass spectrometry; SSCA, single strand conformational analysis; HRMA, high-resolution melting analysis; RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR.

^*Frequencies listed are derived from individual studies with different cohort characteristics and therefore are not comparable across mutation type.