BG-1 cells were treated with either ethanol as a vehicle control (Control), 10−7 M 1,25(OH)2D3 (VD), 10−8 M 17β-estradiol (E2) or VD plus E2 for 3 or 6 (panel D only) days. A and B, Small and total RNAs were isolated and the expression of miR-498 (A) and hTERT (B) was determined by qRT-PCR and normalized to U6 and GAPDH, respectively. The values are expressed as fold of the vehicle control. C, Cellular extracts were subjected to IB analyses with indicated antibodies. Protein signals were quantified by ChemiDoc (BioRad) and after being normalized to cognate β-actin signals, are presented as fold of control. D, Cell growth was measured in MTT assays. Data represent three independent experiments. Error bars are SD. Statistical analyses were performed with Student’s t test (n=3 for panels A and B, n=10 for panel D).