Table 1.
Known Ypk1 substrates and potential substrates predicted by MOTIPS listed under GO Slim terms*
| Gene | MOTIPS sites | Chemical Sensitivity/YeastMine Interaction(s) | SDL score | Ypk1 dosage rescue | In vitro substrate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Known Ypk1 Substrates | |||||
| GPD1/YDL022W* | 24P | YeastMine | +++ | N/A | + |
| FPK1/YNR047W | 37, 200, 244, 436, 481 | YeastMine | + | N/A | + |
| FPK1(D621A) [Kinase-dead mutant] | 37, 200, 244, 436, 481 | YeastMine | ++ | N/A | + |
| ORM1/YGR038W | 52, 53 | YeastMine | +++ | N/A | + |
| ORM2/YLR350W | 47, 48 | YeastMine | ++++ | N/A | + |
| Cytoskeleton Organization | |||||
| AVO1/YOL078W | 552P,597,1078 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| AVO2/YMR068W | 273P, 305, 407 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| BEM2/YER155C | 83, 168, 1810, 1813 | Myr, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| BNI1/YNL271C | 119, 1138P, 1533 | AbA, Casp, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| CDH1/YGL003C | 51, 195, 213P | AbA, YeastMine | TOXIC | − | N/A |
| ENT1/YDL161W | 160P | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| GIC2/YDR309C | 90, 312, 345P | Myr, AbA | − | N/A | N/A |
| LSB3/YFR024C-A | 262P | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| PAL1/YDR348C | 49P, 391, 436 | AbA, Casp | ++++ | N/A | − |
| SLA1/YBL007C | 445, 447P, 449P, 477 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| TSC11/YER093C | 19P, 97, 188 | YeastMine | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| YHR097C | 58, 288P, 294P | Myr | +++ | N/A | +/− |
| YSC84/YHR016C | 274, 374P | Myr, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| Biological Process Unknown | |||||
| COM2/YER130C | 251, 370, 380 | Myr, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| ECM3/YOR092W* | 312, 350 | Myr, AbA, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| ICS2/YBR157C | 14, 95, 136, 172P | Myr | − | N/A | N/A |
| JIP4/YDR475C | 348, 352, 592, 649 | Myr, AbA | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| KKQ8/YKL168C | 83, 113, 144, 146, 212, 293 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| RTS3/YGR161C* | 30, 238P | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| SEG1/YMR086W | 56, 118P, 217, 634, 752P | Myr | + | N/A | N/A |
| YDR186C | 334P, 540P, 542P, 620, 715P | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| YHR080C | 401, 513, 667 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| YNR014W | 54, 115, 156, 197 | YeastMine | +++ | N/A | + |
| YPK3/YBR028C | 72, 73, 90P | Myr, Casp | − | N/A | N/A |
| Transcription from RNA Polymerase II Promoter | |||||
| EPL1/YFL024C | 24, 28, 61 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| FKH1/YIL131C | 404 | Myr, YeastMine | TOXIC | − | − |
| GAL11/YOL051W | 1003P | Myr, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| HCM1/YCR065W* | 80 | AbA, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| HOT1/YMR172W* | 387, 520, 586 | Myr | − | N/A | N/A |
| RLM1/YPL089C* | 20 | Myr | TOXIC | − | N/A |
| SMP1/YBR182C* | 20, 107 | YeastMine | TOXIC | + | + |
| SSN2/YDR443C | 608P | Myr | − | N/A | N/A |
| YHP1/YDR451C* | 180, 182 | Myr | − | N/A | N/A |
| Mitotic Cell Cycle | |||||
| BCK2/YER167W | 12, 38, 373, 430 | YeastMine | TOXIC | − | N/A |
| ESC2/YDR363W | 114, 143, 145 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| PTK2/YJR059W | 59P, 82, 91, 171, 275 | Myr, YeastMine | + | N/A | N/A |
| SET3/YKR029C | 236, 405, 428 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| SWI4/YER111C | 816P | Myr, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| VHS2/YIL135C | 316, 318, 325P | Myr, Casp | − | N/A | N/A |
| ZDS1/YMR273C* | 78, 370 | AbA, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| ZDS2/YML109W | 183, 267, 345 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| Protein Phosphorylation | |||||
| HAL5/YJL165C | 17P, 217P, 233 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| KIN1/YDR122W | 652, 791P, 879, 986P | YeastMine | + | N/A | N/A |
| KIN2/YLR096W | 665P, 818, 1020 | Myr | − | N/A | N/A |
| KSP1/YHR082C | 594, 827P, 884P | Myr, AbA, YeastMine | TOXIC | − | N/A |
| NPR1/YNL183C | 125P, 255P, 257P, 317P | YeastMine | ++++ | N/A | − |
| SKY1/YMR216C | 383P | Myr, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| YAK1/YJL141C | 128P, 206, 240 | Myr, Casp, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| YPL150W | 371P, 452, 890 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| Lipid Metabolic Process | |||||
| ADR1/YDR216W | 180, 230P, 756 | Myr, AbA | − | N/A | N/A |
| CDC1/YDR182W* | 9 | N/A | − | N/A | + |
| CKI1/YLR133W | 14P, 25P, 30P | Myr, AbA, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| GPT2/YKR067W | 27, 652 | Myr | +++ | N/A | + |
| LAC1/YKL008C* | 23, 24 | Myr, YeastMine | +++ | N/A | + |
| LAG1/YHL003C | 24P | Myr, YeastMine | +++ | N/A | + |
| LCB3/YJL134W | 16P | Myr, YeastMine | − | N/A | + |
| Cellular Ion Homeostasis and Transport | |||||
| AVT3/YKL146W | 55, 59P, 172, 174 | Myr, AbA, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| CCH1/YGR217W† | 146, 148, 347 | YeastMine | − | N/A | + |
| FPS1/YLL043W | 147, 181, 185, 570P | Myr, YeastMine | +++++ | N/A | + |
| MNR2/YKL064W | 165, 620, 621, 826 | AbA | − | N/A | N/A |
| NHA1/YLR138W* | 544, 830 | Myr, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| PPZ1/YML016C | 122, 203, 250P | Myr, YeastMine | TOXIC | − | N/A |
| Translation | |||||
| DED1/YOR204W | 84, 576P | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| HCR1/YLR192C* | 223 | Myr, AbA, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| HEF3/YNL014W* | 898 | Myr, AbA, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| RPL3/YOR063W | 24P, 337 | Myr, AbA, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| SUI2/YJR007W* | 58 | Myr | − | N/A | N/A |
| TEF1/YPR080W* | 72P | Myr | − | N/A | N/A |
| Cell Wall Organization or Biogenesis | |||||
| BPH1/YCR032W | 1334, 1336, 1963 | Casp | − | N/A | N/A |
| CSR2/YPR030W | 61, 103, 525, 987 | Myr | − | N/A | N/A |
| ROM2/YLR371W | 76P, 193p, 396 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| SSD1/YDR293C | 164P, 482P, 503 | Myr, AbA, YeastMine | TOXIC | − | N/A |
| Golgi Vesicle Transport | |||||
| BRE5/YNR051C | 398P | Myr, YeastMine | +++ | N/A | − |
| EXO84/YBR102C | 76, 313, 494, 554 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| MUK1/YPL070W | 173, 184P, 185P | Myr | +++ | N/A | +/− |
| RGP1/YDR137W | 220, 364P, 450, 452 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| Signaling | |||||
| IRA2/YOL081W | 882, 884, 1578, 1745, 3069 | YeastMine | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| GIS3/YLR094C* | 249, 333 | Myr, AbA | − | N/A | N/A |
| MDS3/YGL197W | 757, 824, 842, 851, 1204 | Myr, AbA, YeastMine | +++ | N/A | − |
| SYT1/YPR095C | 277P, 410, 728 | YeastMine | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| DNA Replication | |||||
| CDC13/YDL220C | 314, 333P | YeastMine | TOXIC | − | N/A |
| CTI6/YPL181W | 155, 216P | Myr, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| RIM4/YHL024W | 93, 429, 525, 607 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| Endocytosis | |||||
| ALY2/YJL084C | 166P, 201, 225, 803 | Myr | − | N/A | N/A |
| ROD1/YOR018W | 563, 617, 807, 823 | Myr | +++ | N/A | +/− |
| ROG3/YFR022W | 425, 584, 718 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| Other | |||||
| FRT1/YOR324C | 167, 201, 203, 228P, 385 | Myr, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| HER1/YOR227W | 28P, 102p, 157P | Myr, AbA | TOXIC | − | + |
| YSP2/YDR326C | 326, 518, 1237 | Myr, YeastMine | +++ | N/A | + |
| RNA Catabolic Process | |||||
| JSN1/YJR091C | 174, 275P, 600 | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| PUF2/YPR042C | 55, 143, 246, 902 | Myr | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Cytokinesis | |||||
| CYK3/YDL117W | 159, 207P, 746 | AbA, YeastMine | +++ | N/A | − |
| Chromosome Segregation | |||||
| DSN1/YIR010W | 240, 250P | YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| Peroxisome Organization | |||||
| PEX31/YGR004W | 432P | YeastMine | ++ | N/A | + |
| Pseudohyphal Growth | |||||
| PAM1/YDR251W | 471, 553P, 625 | Myr, AbA, Casp, YeastMine | − | N/A | N/A |
| Response to Starvation | |||||
| ATG21/YPL100W | 191, 237P | Myr | +++ | N/A | + |
Genes that are not bioinformatically predicted Ypk1 substrates, but contain Ypk1 motifs and were included in this study are marked with an asterisk. SDL assay results are listed for each bioinformatically predicted Ypk1 substrate. The scoring system reports growth phenotypes of the ypk1-as ypk2Δ strain transformed with the indicated PGAL1-SUBSTRATE plasmid upon overexpression on galactose with varying levels of 3-MB-PP1-imposed Ypk1-as inhibition. A growth phenotype is defined as at least 1 serial dilution spot less growth than YCpLG-GFP control at the given 3-MB-PP1 concentration. A strong growth phenotype is defined as no growth at the given 3-MB-PP1 concentration. (+++++) indicates a growth phenotype with no 3-MB-PP1. (++++) is a strong growth phenotype on 1 μM 3-MB-PP1. (+++) indicates a growth phenotype on 1 μM 3-MB-PP1. (++) is defined as no phenotype on 1 μM 3-MB-PP1, but a strong growth phenotype on 2 μM 3-MB-PP1. (+) indicates no phenotype on 1 μM 3-MB-PP1, but a detectable growth phenotype on 2 μM 3-MB-PP1. (−) indicates no growth phenotype at any concentration of 3-MB-PP1 tested. TOXIC indicates overexpression of the putative substrate on galactose-containing medium was deleterious to growth even in the wild-type control strain (BY4741). These toxic genes were then tested for Ypk1 dosage rescue (for details, see ‘Materials and methods’); here, (+) indicates that Ypk1 overexpression could at least partially rescue the overexpression toxicity of the indicated gene and (−) indicates that Ypk1 overexpression could not rescue the overexpression toxicity. Lastly, the results of testing the indicated purified predicted Ypk1 target as a substrtate in the in vitro protein kinase assay with purified Ypk1-as; here, (+) indicates that Ypk1-as- dependent (3-MB-PP1 inhibitable) incorporation was detectable for the substrate at a level comparable to incorporation into the positive control [the known Ypk1 substrate, GST-Orm1(1–85)]; (+/−) indicates that readily detectable Ypk1-as-dependent incorporation was found, but at a level lower than that seen for an equivalent amount of GST-Orm1(1–85) protein. (N/A) indicates that the indicated gene product was not tested in the indicated assay.
The SDL assay was performed with a plasmid constitutively overexpressing CCH1 under the TDH3 promoter [pBCT-CCH1H, (Iida et al., 2007)], as our efforts to generate a PGAL1-CCH1 vector failed.